OBJECTIVE Infant sleep plays a critical role in normal development. Sleep problems, including sleep onset difficulties (SODs) and night waking (NW), range from 20% to 30% in infants and young children and can be persistent over time up to adulthood. Young French children seem to have longer sleep durations and less sleep troubles than their counterparts worldwide. Here, we aimed at describing infant sleep characteristics (total sleep time (TST)/24 h, NW, and SODs) and associated sleep habits in infants at age one year from the French nationwide birth cohort Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE). METHODS This study included 11,783 infants with information on both sleep characteristics and sleep habits (parental presence when falling asleep, eating to fall asleep, sucking a pacifier or finger to sleep and sleep arrangement and location). Associations were studied by multinomial logistic regression analyses adjusted for familial and infant characteristics. RESULTS Mean TST was 13 h36 min including 2 h54 min of naps; 20% of the infants had TST ≤12 h/24 h. About 46% did not present SOD or NW, 16% had frequent SODs and 22% had NW > 1 night in 2. Parental presence, feeding to fall asleep and infant sleep arrangements were frequent in infants with short sleep duration (≤12 h/24 h), NW and SODs. Non-nutritive sucking was associated with risk of NW, SOD and TST >14 h/24 h. Parental room sharing was associated with NW. CONCLUSION This work provides new information on infant sleep arrangements and non-nutritive sucking that should be accounted for when considering sleep behaviors. In addition, most identified sleep habits associated with poor sleep characteristics may be amenable to change.

中文翻译：

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ELFE出生队列研究中的一岁时的睡眠习惯和睡眠特征。

目的婴儿睡眠在正常发育中起着至关重要的作用。婴儿和幼儿的睡眠问题（包括睡眠发作困难（SOD）和夜醒（NW））的范围从20％到30％，并且随着时间的流逝一直持续到成年。与世界各地的同龄人相比，法国的小孩子的睡眠时间似乎更长，睡眠麻烦更少。在这里，我们旨在描述法国全国出生队列Etude LongitudinaleFrançaisedepuis l'Enfance（ELFE）的1岁婴儿的婴儿睡眠特征（总睡眠时间（TST）/ 24 h，NW和SOD）和相关的睡眠习惯）。方法：该研究纳入11,783名婴儿，这些婴儿均具有有关睡眠特征和睡眠习惯的信息（入睡时父母在场，进食入睡，吮吸奶嘴或手指入睡，以及睡眠的安排和位置）。通过针对家庭和婴儿特征进行调整的多项逻辑回归分析研究了关联。结果平均TST为13 h36 min，包括小睡2 h54 min；20％的婴儿的TST≤12 h / 24 h。大约46％的人没有SOD或NW，16％的人SOD频繁，22％的人NW> 1晚2。晚上睡眠时间短（≤12 h / 24小时），西北和超氧化物歧化酶。非营养性吮吸与NW，SOD和TST> 14 h / 24 h的风险相关。育儿室共享与西北地区有关。结论这项工作提供了有关婴儿睡眠安排和非营养性吮吸的新信息，在考虑睡眠行为时应予以考虑。此外，