Buttermilk (BM) has recently received much attention as a source of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) due to its high polar lipid (PL) content, which gives it functional properties and health benefits. Nevertheless BM can be obtained from two different technological processes, i) the BM from the butter oil industry (BM1) and ii) BM from the butter manufacture (BM2). Neutral lipids (NL) and PL characterization from both BM and their MFGM isolated fractions have been qualitatively and quantitatively characterized including the individual phospho- and sphingolipids by HPLC-ELSD as well as triacylglycerols (TAG) and cholesterol and FAME by GC-FID. The results revealed that while BM (either from BM1 or BM2) had a PL fraction of 12–16 %, the MFGM isolated fraction contained about 40 % of PL with major presence of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM). Besides, MFGM showed a significant increase in the medium molecular weight TAG and cholesterol and almost two fold amount of PUFA content than BM due mainly to linoleic acid. The results of this study provide deeper information on the lipid composition of BM and MFGM isolated fractions of great importance for the design of dietary supplements with potential beneficial effects on human health.

中文翻译：

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不同来源酪乳及其乳脂肪球膜分离物的中性和极性脂质的综合表征

酪乳 (BM) 作为乳脂肪球膜 (MFGM) 的来源，由于其高极性脂质 (PL) 含量，使其具有功能特性和健康益处，因此最近备受关注。尽管如此，BM 可以通过两种不同的技术过程获得，i) 来自黄油工业的 BM (BM1) 和 ii) 来自黄油制造的 BM (BM2)。来自 BM 及其 MFGM 分离级分的中性脂质 (NL) 和 PL 表征已被定性和定量表征，包括通过 HPLC-ELSD 的单个磷酸和鞘脂以及通过 GC-FID 的三酰甘油 (TAG) 和胆固醇和 FAME。结果表明，虽然 BM（来自 BM1 或 BM2）的 PL 分数为 12-16%，但 MFGM 分离的分数包含约 40% 的 PL，主要存在磷脂酰乙醇胺 (PE)，磷脂酰胆碱 (PC) 和鞘磷脂 (SM)。此外，MFGM 的中等分子量 TAG 和胆固醇显着增加，PUFA 含量几乎是 BM 的两倍，这主要是由于亚油酸。这项研究的结果提供了关于 BM 和 MFGM 分离级分的脂质组成的更深入信息，这对于设计对人类健康具有潜在有益影响的膳食补充剂非常重要。