Pollution of coastal areas play an important role in anthropocentric issues. Thus, several analytical tools were developed and optimized in recent years aiming to improve the acquisition of good quality chemical data. Despite these efforts, assessments of the environmental occurrence of hazardous chemicals in coastal regions are often biased by poorly planned sampling campaigns. In coastal zones, the influence of local contamination sources and environmental factors (such as coastal currents, tides, estuarine discharges, depth and luminosity) should be carefully considered before establishing a sampling grid. Moreover, the wrong selection of the environmental matrix to be analyzed, especially by multiresidue methods which include analytes with different physicochemical properties, has also been an important source of bias in many published papers. This critical review provides an overview of the key-factors to be considered during the planning and execution of sampling campaigns seeking to identify and quantify contaminants in environmental samples obtained in coastal areas. Further, a discussion on a more suitable and cost-effective sampling design, based in recent advances, is also presented.

沿海地区的污染在以人类为中心的问题中起着重要作用。因此，近年来开发和优化了几种分析工具，旨在改善高质量化学数据的获取。尽管做出了这些努力，但对沿海地区危险化学品在环境中发生的评估往往因计划不周的抽样活动而有偏差。在沿海地区，在建立采样网格之前，应仔细考虑当地污染源和环境因素（如沿海海流，潮汐，河口流量，深度和光度）的影响。此外，错误地选择要分析的环境基质，尤其是通过包括多种具有不同理化性质的分析物的多残留方法，也是许多发表论文中产生偏见的重要原因。这项重要的评论概述了在计划和执行旨在确定和量化在沿海地区获得的环境样品中的污染物的采样活动期间要考虑的关键因素。此外，还介绍了基于最新进展的更合适且更具成本效益的采样设计的讨论。