In recent years, a variety of 2‐dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, and black phosphorus have been utilized in photonics and optoelectronics applications. Since the mid‐infrared (MIR) region has a significant role in various fields, rapid progress has been made on photonics and optoelectronics applications using 2D materials. Herein, the progress in the photonics devices that exploit the unique properties of 2D materials for a range of MIR applications is summarized, focusing on ultrafast light generation, MIR light modulation, and photodetection. By taking advantage of ultrafast light response, broadband absorption, and high carrier mobility of 2D materials, femtosecond lasers, broadband optical modulators, and high‐responsivity photodetectors are achieved. Some perspectives on 2D material‐based MIR photonics are highlighted. Due to their MIR bandgaps, small size, high carrier mobility, and easy integration, 2D materials are appealing for MIR photonics applications. Moreover, the availability of an increasingly broad library of 2D materials with variable electronic and optical properties, and the ability to be thinned and restacked into functional and complex assembled structures, enable the development of a highly integrated MIR photonic chip, which will make information technology greener, faster, and lower in energy consumption.

中文翻译：

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使用2D材料的中红外光子学：现状与挑战

近年来，在光子学和光电子学应用中已经使用了各种二维（2D）材料，包括石墨烯，拓扑绝缘体，过渡金属二卤化物和黑磷。由于中红外（MIR）区域在各个领域都发挥着重要作用，因此在使用2D材料的光子学和光电子学应用方面已取得了快速进展。在此，总结了在一系列MIR应用中利用2D材料的独特特性的光子学设备的进展，重点是超快光的产生，MIR光调制和光电检测。通过利用2D材料的超快光响应，宽带吸收和高载流子迁移率，可以实现飞秒激光器，宽带光调制器和高响应光电探测器。重点介绍了基于2D材料的MIR光子学的一些观点。由于其MIR带隙，小尺寸，高载流子迁移率和易于集成，因此2D材料吸引了MIR光子学应用。此外，具有可变的电子和光学特性的2D材料库的日益广泛的可用性以及变薄和重新堆叠为功能复杂的组装结构的能力，使得能够开发高度集成的MIR光子芯片，这将使信息技术成为现实更绿色，更快且能耗更低。