Abstract Solar-driven evaporation for desalination has recently attracted much attention because of its high solar-thermal efficiency, simple structure, low cost, and little environmental impacts. In this paper, we reported a thermal concentrated multistage distiller for solar desalination application. The distiller consists of a thermal concentrator connected to a multistage evaporator-condenser structure. The thermal concentrator with a high solar absorptance of 0.935 and a low emittance of 0.150 on the upper surface can efficiently convert solar radiation into heat for high temperature vapor generation and reduce radiation loss. The multistage distiller with concentric expansion evaporator-condenser structure can efficiently recover the latent heat of vapor, and reduce the heat losses and water diffusion resistance. As a result, a high water yield of 2.2 kg m−2 h−1 was achieved in a 6-stage distiller under solar intensity of 1 kW m−2 and 3 times (3×) thermal concentration. The outdoor tests in rooftop demonstrated that the water yield can reached 3.9 kg m−2 per day even at a low solar intensity of 415 W m−2. This novel design with enhanced water yield provides an effective approach to harvest sunlight for small-scale solar desalination in remote regions.

中文翻译：

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通过热浓缩多级蒸馏器提高太阳能海水淡化的产水量

摘要 太阳能驱动蒸发海水淡化因其太阳能热效率高、结构简单、成本低、对环境影响小等优点而备受关注。在本文中，我们报道了一种用于太阳能海水淡化应用的热浓缩多级蒸馏器。蒸馏器由连接到多级蒸发器-冷凝器结构的热浓缩器组成。0.935的高太阳能吸收率和上表面0.150的低发射率的集热器可以有效地将太阳辐射转化为热量以产生高温蒸汽，减少辐射损失。采用同心膨胀蒸发器-冷凝器结构的多级蒸馏器，可有效回收蒸汽潜热，减少热损失和水扩散阻力。因此，在 1 kW m-2 的太阳能强度和 3 倍 (3x) 热集中度下，在 6 级蒸馏器中实现了 2.2 kg m-2 h-1 的高产水量。屋顶的室外测试表明，即使在 415 W m-2 的低太阳强度下，产水量也可以达到每天 3.9 kg m-2。这种具有更高产水量的新颖设计为偏远地区的小规模太阳能海水淡化提供了一种有效的方法来收集阳光。