Personalized medicine has been a booming area in clinical research for the past decade, in which the detailed information about the patient genotype and clinical conditions were collected and considered to optimize the therapy to prevent adverse reactions. However, the utility of commercially available personalized medicine has not yet been maximized due to the lack of a structured protocol for implementation. In this narrative review, we explain the role of pharmacogenetics in personalized medicine, next-generation personalized medicine, i.e., patient-centric personalized medicine, in which the patient's comfort is considered along with pharmacogenomics to be a primary factor. We extensively discuss the classifications, strategies, tools, and drug delivery systems that can support the implementation of patient-centric personalized medicine from an industrial perspective.

中文翻译：

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从个性化医疗到以患者为中心的定制化交付的药物基因组阶段转变。

在过去的十年中，个性化医疗一直是临床研究中蓬勃发展的领域，其中收集了有关患者基因型和临床状况的详细信息，并考虑优化治疗以预防不良反应。然而，由于缺乏结构化的实施方案，商业上可用的个性化医疗的效用尚未最大化。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们解释了药物遗传学在个性化医疗、下一代个性化医疗（即以患者为中心的个性化医疗）中的作用，其中患者的舒适度与药物基因组学一起被视为主要因素。我们广泛讨论了分类、策略、工具、