To separate small molecules from the solvent with high permeability and selectivity, the membrane process is thought to be highly effective with much lower energy consumption when compared to the traditional thermal‐based separation process. To achieve high solvent permeance, a sub‐10 nm thick polyamide nanofiltration membrane was synthesized through interfacial polymerization of ethidium bromide (EtBr) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Thanks to the extremely low solubility of the EtBr monomer in the organic phase, the polymerization process was strictly limited at the interface of the water and hexane, leading to an ultrathin polyamide membrane with a thickness down to sub‐10 nm. When used in nanofiltration, these ultrathin membranes display ultrafast water permeation of 40 liter per square meter per hour per bar (L m⁻² h⁻¹ bar⁻¹), and a high Congo red rejection rate of 93 %. This work demonstrates a new route to synthesize ultrathin polyamide membranes by the traditional interfacial polymerization.

中文翻译：

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用于分子分离的亚10纳米以下的聚酰胺纳米过滤膜。

与传统的基于热的分离方法相比，以高渗透性和选择性从溶剂中分离小分子的膜方法被认为是高效的，能耗低得多。为了实现高溶剂渗透性，通过溴化乙锭（EtBr）和均苯三甲酰氯（TMC）的界面聚合反应，合成了厚度小于10 nm的聚酰胺纳滤膜。由于EtBr单体在有机相中的溶解度极低，聚合过程严格限制在水和己烷的界面上，从而形成了厚度小于10 nm的超薄聚酰胺膜。当用于纳滤时，这些超薄膜表现出的超快水渗透率为40 bar / h / bar / h（L m ^-2 h ^-1  bar ^-1）和93％的高刚果红剔除率。这项工作展示了通过传统的界面聚合合成超薄聚酰胺膜的新途径。