AIMS This study investigated the safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) on ameliorating the sequelae of ischemic moyamoya disease (iMMD). METHODS A total of 30 iMMD patients underwent long-term RIC and were followed up at 0.5, 1, and 2 years for clinical outcomes, including frequency of stroke recurrence, Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale, peak systolic velocities (PSV), and cerebral perfusion. RESULTS During the whole RIC treatment process, no RIC-related adverse event occurred. Only one of 30 patients suffered a onetime infarction (3.3%), and the ratios of acceptable PGIC were 88.2%, 64.3%, and 92.3% at 0.5, 1, and 2 years follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the frequency of stroke recurrence was significantly reduced after RIC (P = .013). The frequency of TIA per week was 1.1 (0.6, 2.8) prior to RIC and 0.1 (0.0, 0.5) post-RIC (P < .01). Compared to baseline, PSV values were significantly reduced after RIC treatment (P = .002 at 0.5, P = .331 at 1, and P = .006 at 2 years). In patients undergoing perfusion studies, 75% obtained improvement on followed-up SPECT and 95% on followed-up PET maps. CONCLUSIONS Remote ischemic conditioning may be beneficial on controlling iMMD-induced ischemic events, relieving symptoms, and improving cerebral perfusion, without incidence of complications in this case series.

中文翻译：

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用于治疗缺血性烟雾病的远程缺血调理。

目的 本研究调查了远程缺血调节 (RIC) 在改善缺血性烟雾病 (iMMD) 后遗症方面的安全性和有效性。方法 共有 30 名 iMMD 患者接受了长期 RIC，并在 0.5、1 和 2 年时对临床结果进行了随访，包括卒中复发频率、患者总体印象变化 (PGIC) 量表、收缩压峰值 (PSV)和脑灌注。结果在整个RIC治疗过程中，未发生RIC相关不良事件。30 名患者中只有 1 名发生过一次梗死 (3.3%)，在 0.5、1 和 2 年的随访中，可接受的 PGIC 比率分别为 88.2%、64.3% 和 92.3%。Kaplan-Meier 分析显示 RIC 后卒中复发频率显着降低（P = .013）。RIC 之前每周 TIA 的频率为 1.1 (0.6, 2.8) 和 0。1 (0.0, 0.5) 后 RIC (P < .01)。与基线相比，RIC 治疗后 PSV 值显着降低（0.5 时 P = .002，1 年 P = .331，2 年 P = .006）。在接受灌注研究的患者中，75% 的患者在随访 SPECT 和 95% 的随访 PET 图中获得了改善。结论远程缺血调理可能有益于控制 iMMD 诱导的缺血事件、缓解症状和改善脑灌注，而在该病例系列中没有并发症的发生。