BACKGROUND In this study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of the duodenal mucosal microbiota of patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) and compare it with those of the gastric mucosal microbiota. METHOD We collected the duodenal and gastric mucosal samples from 10 adult patients with IM and 10 healthy controls (HC). The V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was examined by high throughput sequencing method. RESULTS The diversity of the HC duodenal microbiota was higher than that of IM patient based on the Shannon and Simpson index while the Chao indices of IM duodenal mucosal microbiota was significantly higher than that of gastric mucosal microbiota of patients with IM. There was a marked difference in the duodenal microbiota structure between patients with IM and HC (ANOSIM, R = 1, P = 0.001). We also found that the Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric mucosa did not influence the structure of duodenal mucosal microbiota. The gastric mucosal microbiota structure significantly differed between patients with IM and HC who were H. pylori-negative (ANOSIM, R = 0.452, P = 0.042) or H. pylori-positive (ANOSIM, R = 0.548, P = 0.003), respectively. For duodenal mucosal microbiota, genera Lactococcus, Flavobacterium, Psychrobacter, Mysroides, Enhydrobacter, Streptococcus, and Leuconostoc were enriched in patients with IM. In contrast, genera Bacillus, Solibacillus, Lysinibacillus, Exiguobacterium, Oceanobacillus, and Paenibacillus were enriched in HC. CONCLUSION A marked dysbiosis duodenal mucosal microbiota in patients with IM was observed, and this dysbiosis might be responsible for IM pathogenesis.

中文翻译：

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十二指肠粘膜相关菌群的变化与肠上皮化生有关。

背景技术在本研究中，我们旨在研究肠化生（IM）患者的十二指肠粘膜微生物群的特征，并将其与胃粘膜微生物群的特征进行比较。方法我们收集了10例成人IM患者和10例健康对照（HC）的十二指肠和胃黏膜样本。通过高通量测序方法检查了细菌16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区。结果基于香农和辛普森指数，HC十二指肠微生物群的多样性高于IM患者，而IM十二指肠粘膜微生物群的Chao指数显着高于IM患者的胃黏膜微生物群。IM和HC患者之间的十二指肠菌群结构存在显着差异（ANOSIM，R = 1，P = 0.001）。我们还发现，胃粘膜中的幽门螺杆菌感染不会影响十二指肠粘膜微生物群的结构。IM和HC分别为幽门螺杆菌阴性（ANOSIM，R = 0.452，P = 0.042）或幽门螺杆菌阳性（ANOSIM，R = 0.548，P = 0.003）的IM和HC患者之间的胃黏膜微生物群结构显着不同。对于十二指肠粘膜微生物群，IM患者中乳球菌属，黄杆菌属，精神杆菌属，Myroidoids，Enhydrobacter，Streptococcus和Leuconostoc丰富。相比之下，芽孢杆菌属，索利巴斯德杆菌属，Lysinibacillus，Exiguobacterium，Oceanobacillus和Paenibacillus属富含HC。结论观察到IM患者的十二指肠粘膜微生物菌群明显异常，这种异常可能是IM发病的原因。