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Bacterial Vesicles Mediate Extracellular Electron Transfer
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 10.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00707
Xing Liu 1 , Xianyue Jing 1 , Yin Ye 1 , Ji Zhan 1 , Jie Ye 1 , Shungui Zhou 1
Affiliation  

Many Gram-negative bacteria are known to release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) into the surrounding environment during normal growth; OMVs perform diverse biological and environmental functions (e.g., virulence factor transport, horizontal gene transfer, quorum signaling, cellular defense, and cell-to-cell communication). However, the production of OMVs has not been reported in Geobacter species, and their role in extracellular electron transfer (EET) is unknown. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that Geobacter sulfurreducens releases OMVs containing abundant cytochromes that can promote EET from microbial cells to an anode. OMVs released by Geobacter cells not only promote exoelectrogen EET (1.73-fold higher current density in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1) but also confer electrogenic ability to non-exoelectrogens (G. sulfurreducens mutant strain ΔomcZ and Escherichia coli). These functions are mainly attributed to the abundance of c-type cytochromes bound on or entrapped in OMVs. Our findings suggest that redox-active OMVs can serve as shared mediators facilitating EET in natural ecosystems, representing an ecologically important but overlooked biological electron transfer process.

中文翻译:

细菌囊泡介导细胞外电子转移

众所周知,许多革兰氏阴性细菌会在正常生长过程中将外膜囊泡(OMV)释放到周围环境中。OMV执行多种生物学和环境功能(例如,毒力因子转运,水平基因转移,群体信号传递,细胞防御以及细胞间通信)。但是,尚未在地球细菌物种中报道过OMV的产生,还不清​​楚它们在细胞外电子转移(EET)中的作用。在这里,我们首次证明,Geobacter sulphreducens释放的OMV含有丰富的细胞色素,可以促进EET从微生物细胞向阳极迁移。由Geobacter细胞释放的OMV不仅促进外激电EET(电流密度高1.73倍。希瓦氏菌(Shewanella oneidensis) MR-1)还可赋予非外源电子(G. sulphurreducens突变株ΔomcZ大肠杆菌)的电化能力。这些功能主要归因于结合在OMV上或包裹在其中的c型细胞色素。我们的研究结果表明,具有氧化还原活性的OMV可以作为促进自然生态系统中EET的共享介质,代表着生态学上重要但被忽视的生物电子转移过程。
更新日期:2019-12-07
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