In Africa, urbanization is happening faster than ever before which results in new implications for transmission of infectious diseases. For the zoonotic parasite Taenia solium, a major cause of acquired epilepsy in endemic countries, the prevalence in urban settings is unknown. The present study investigated epidemiological, neurological, and radiological characteristics of T. solium cysticercosis and taeniasis (TSCT) in people with epilepsy (PWE) living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, one of the fastest growing cities worldwide. A total of 302 PWE were recruited from six health centers in the Kinondoni district of Dar es Salaam. Serological testing for T. solium cysticercosis-antigen (Ag) and -antibodies (Abs) and for T. solium taeniasis-Abs was performed in all PWE. In addition, clinical and radiological examinations that included cranial computed tomography (CT) were performed. With questionnaires, demographic data from study populations were collected, and factors associated with TSCT were assessed. Follow-up examinations were conducted in PWE with TSCT. T. solium cysticercosis-Ag was detected in three (0.99%; 95% CI: 0-2.11%), -Abs in eight (2.65%; 95% CI: 0.84-4.46%), and taeniasis-Abs in five (1.66%; 95% CI: 0.22-3.09%) of 302 PWE. Six PWE (1.99%; 95% CI: 0.41-3.56%) were diagnosed with neurocysticercosis (NCC). This study demonstrates the presence of TSCT in Dar es Salaam, however, NCC was only associated with a few cases of epilepsy. The small fraction of PWE with cysticercosis- and taeniasis-Abs may suggest that active transmission of T. solium plays only a minor role in Dar es Salaam. A sufficiently powered risk analysis was hampered by the small number of PWE with TSCT; therefore, further studies are required to determine the exact routes of infection and risk behavior of affected individuals.

中文翻译：

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城市环境中的牛带so虫囊虫病和虫病：来自坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆癫痫患者的一项基于健康中心的研究的流行病学证据。

在非洲，城市化进程比以往任何时候都快，这给传染病的传播带来了新的影响。对于人畜共患的寄生虫Ta虫Ta虫（Taenia solium）是流行国家后天性癫痫的主要原因，在城市环境中的患病率尚不清楚。本研究调查了居住在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆（世界上发展最快的城市之一）的癫痫患者中的T.囊尾rc虫病和虫病（TSCT）的流行病学，神经病学和放射学特征。从达累斯萨拉姆的Kinondoni区的六个保健中心招募了302名PWE。在所有PWE中均进行了T.sodium cysticercosis抗原（Ag）和-antibodies（Abs）以及T. sodium taeniasis-Abs的血清学测试。此外，进行了包括颅骨计算机断层扫描（CT）在内的临床和放射学检查。通过问卷调查，收集了研究人群的人口统计学数据，并评估了与TSCT相关的因素。在PWE中与TSCT进行了随访检查。检出T.sodium cysticercosis-Ag占三（0.99％; 95％CI：0-2.11％），-Abs占八（2.65％; 95％CI：0.84-4.46％），taeniasis-Abs占五（1.66） ％； 95％CI：0.2 PWE的0.22-3.09％。六个PWE（1.99％; 95％CI：0.41-3.56％）被诊断出患有神经囊虫病（NCC）。这项研究证明了达累斯萨拉姆存在TSCT，但是NCC仅与少数癫痫病例有关。患有囊尾WE病和虫病-Abs的PWE的一小部分可能表明，T。solium的主动传播在达累斯萨拉姆中仅起较小作用。TSCT的PWE数量少，阻碍了足够有力的风险分析。因此，需要进一步的研究来确定感染个体的确切感染途径和危险行为。