For energy‐storage materials, dielectric capacitors exhibit higher power density than fuel cells, Li ion batteries, and super capacitors, giving them potentional for application in hybrid electric vehicles, high‐speed trains, and even spaceplanes. However, their low energy‐storage density (ESD) has limited their commercialization, which has therefore fallen behind the other three named systems to some extent. Because of this, a key factor in the development of dielectric/ferroelectric capacitors is an increase in ESD. Optimizing electrical breakdown strength and dielectric constant are regarded as two promising ways to achieve this. Five‐state dielectric energy‐storage materials are introduced and their respective merits and demerits are summarized. Enormous efforts, including the modification of preparation techniques, have been made to improve energy‐storage performances in the past two decades; the significance of interface engineering is discussed in this context. Energy‐storage density, efficiency, thermal stability with polarization fatigue, and mechanical fatigue are all optimized, demonstrating promising potential for practical applications.

中文翻译：

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无铅储能铁电技术的进展，展望和挑战

对于储能材料，介电电容器比燃料电池，锂离子电池和超级电容器具有更高的功率密度，这使其在混合动力电动汽车，高速列车甚至航天飞机中具有潜在的应用潜力。但是，它们的低能量存储密度（ESD）限制了它们的商业化，因此在某种程度上落后于其他三个命名的系统。因此，开发介电/铁电电容器的关键因素是ESD的增加。优化电击穿强度和介电常数被认为是实现此目的的两种有前途的方法。介绍了五态介电储能材料，并总结了它们各自的优缺点。巨大的努力，包括修改制备技术，在过去的二十年中已经做出了改进储能性能的工作；在这种情况下，将讨论接口工程的重要性。储能密度，效率，带极化疲劳的热稳定性和机械疲劳都得到了优化，证明了其在实际应用中的潜力。