Reactive oxygen species drive the oxidation of guanine to 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG), which threatens genome integrity. The repair of 8oxoG is carried out by base excision repair enzymes in Bacteria and Eukarya, however, little is known about archaeal 8oxoG repair. This study identifies a member of the Ogg-subfamily archaeal GO glycosylase (AGOG) in Thermococcus kodakarensis, an anaerobic, hyperthermophilic archaeon, and delineates its mechanism, kinetics, and substrate specificity. TkoAGOG is the major 8oxoG glycosylase in T. kodakarensis, but is non-essential. In addition to TkoAGOG, the major apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease (TkoEndoIV) required for archaeal base excision repair and cell viability was identified and characterized. Enzymes required for the archaeal oxidative damage base excision repair pathway were identified and the complete pathway was reconstituted. This study illustrates the conservation of oxidative damage repair across all Domains of life.

中文翻译：

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柯达热球菌主要氧化损伤碱基切除DNA修复途径的生化重建和遗传特性。

活性氧会促使鸟嘌呤氧化为8-氧代鸟嘌呤（8oxoG），从而威胁基因组的完整性。8oxoG的修复是通过细菌和真核生物中的碱基切除修复酶来进行的，但是对古细菌8oxoG的修复知之甚少。这项研究确定了厌氧，超嗜热古细菌Thercococcus kodakarensis中的Ogg亚科古细菌GO糖基化酶（AGOG）的成员，并描述了其机制，动力学和底物特异性。TkoAGOG是柯达卡尔加虫（T. kodakarensis）中主要的8oxoG糖基化酶，但不是必需的。除了TkoAGOG，还鉴定和鉴定了古细菌碱基切除修复和细胞生存力所需的主要嘌呤/嘧啶（AP）核酸内切酶（TkoEndoIV）。确定了古细菌氧化损伤基础切除修复途径所需的酶，并重建了完整的途径。这项研究说明了在生命的所有领域中氧化损伤修复的保护作用。