More than 100 different arsenic species of diverse characteristics are present in the environment and biological systems. The identification and quantification of individual arsenic species are critical to understanding the distribution, environmental fate and behaviour, metabolism, and toxicity of arsenic species. This review summarizes sample preparation, separation, detection, and method validation for arsenic speciation analysis. An emphasis is placed on chromatographic separation techniques, relating the physicochemical properties of arsenic species to their efficient separation. Anion exchange, cation exchange, reversed-phase, ion pair, and size exclusion chromatography are useful to separate various arsenic species. Recent research has explored hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), multiple separation mechanisms, and testing of fluorophenyl and graphene oxide stationary phases for the separation of arsenic species. Sample preparation, extraction of arsenic species, recovery of arsenic species from separation columns, and method validation are discussed in light of their importance to the integrity and accuracy of speciation analysis.

环境和生物系统中存在着100多种具有不同特性的不同砷物种。鉴定和定量单个砷物种对于了解砷物种的分布，环境命运和行为，新陈代谢和毒性至关重要。这篇综述总结了砷形态分析的样品制备，分离，检测和方法验证。重点放在色谱分离技术上，该技术将砷物质的物理化学性质与其有效分离相关联。阴离子交换，阳离子交换，反相，离子对和尺寸排阻色谱法可用于分离各种砷。最近的研究探索了亲水相互作用液相色谱（HILIC），多种分离机理，氟苯和氧化石墨烯固定相分离砷物质的测试。鉴于它们对物种分析的完整性和准确性的重要性，讨论了样品制备，砷物质的提取，从分离柱中回收砷物质以及方法验证。