Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common potentially curable form of hypertension. The overproduction of aldosterone leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events as well as adverse effects to the heart and kidney and psychological disorders. PA is mainly caused by unilateral aldosterone excess due to an aldosterone-producing adenoma or bilateral excess due to bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia. The diagnostic work-up of PA comprises three steps: screening, confirmatory testing and differentiation of unilateral surgically-correctable forms from medically treated bilateral PA. These specific treatments can mitigate or reverse the increased risks associated with PA. Herein we summarise the prevalence, outcomes and current and future clinical approaches for the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

原发性醛固酮增多症（PA）是最常见的潜在可治愈的高血压形式。醛固酮的过量生产导致心血管和脑血管事件的风险增加，并对心脏，肾脏和心理疾病产生不利影响。PA主要是由产生醛固酮的腺瘤引起的单侧醛固酮过量引起的，或由双侧肾上腺皮质增生引起的双侧过量引起的。PA的诊断检查包括三个步骤：筛查，确证测试以及将单侧可手术纠正的形式与药物治疗的双侧PA进行区分。这些特定的治疗方法可以减轻或逆转与PA相关的风险。在这里，我们总结了原发性醛固酮增多症的流行，结局以及当前和将来的临床方法。