Retinal photoreceptors continually endure stresses associated with prolonged light exposure and the metabolic demands of dark adaptation. Although healthy photoreceptors are able to withstand these stresses for several decades, the disease-affected retina functions at a reduced capacity and is at an increased risk for dysfunction. To alleviate cellular and metabolic stressors in degenerative retinal diseases, a new class of drugs that modulate the metabolic activity of the retina have been developed. A clinical candidate in this class (emixustat) has been shown to reduce retinal pathology in various animal models of human retinal disease and is currently under clinical study. Here, we describe the pharmacological properties of emixustat, its mechanisms of action, and potential for use in the treatment of specific retinal diseases.

中文翻译：

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药物治疗视网膜变性疾病中的代谢和细胞应激。

视网膜感光细胞持续承受与长时间暴露和黑暗适应的代谢需求相关的压力。尽管健康的感光细胞能够承受数十年的压力，但受疾病影响的视网膜功能降低，功能障碍的风险也增加。为了减轻退行性视网膜疾病中的细胞和代谢应激源，已经开发了调节视网膜的代谢活性的新型药物。已显示该类的临床候选药物（依米司他）可减轻人类视网膜疾病的各种动物模型中的视网膜病理，目前正在临床研究中。在这里，我们描述了依米司他的药理特性，其作用机理以及在治疗特定视网膜疾病中的潜力。