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The role of the changing human microbiome in the asthma pandemic.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ( IF 14.2 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.022
Timothy C Borbet 1 , Xiaozhou Zhang 2 , Anne Müller 2 , Martin J Blaser 3
Affiliation  

Asthma and allergy incidence continue to increase globally. We have made significant strides in treating disease, but it is becoming more apparent that we need to advance our knowledge into the origins of asthmatic disease. Much recent work has indicated that microbiome composition influences immune regulation and that multiple health care factors have driven a loss in microbiome diversity in modern human populations. Evidence is growing of microbiota-driven influences on immune development, asthma susceptibility, and asthma pathogenesis. The focus of this review is to highlight the strides the field has made in characterizing the constituents of the human gastrointestinal microbiota, such as Helicobacter pylori, other members of the neonatal intestinal microbiota, and microbial peptides and metabolites that influence host immunity and immune response to allergens. As we delve further into this field of research, the goal will be to find actionable and clinical interventions to identify at-risk populations earlier to prevent disease onset. Manipulation of the host microbial community during infancy might be an especially promising approach.

中文翻译:

不断变化的人类微生物组在哮喘大流行中的作用。

哮喘和过敏症的发病率在全球范围内继续增加。我们在治疗疾病方面取得了重大进展,但越来越明显的是,我们需要进一步了解哮喘病的起源。最近的许多工作表明,微生物组的组成会影响免疫调节,并且多种保健因素导致现代人群中微生物组多样性的丧失。越来越多的证据表明微生物群对免疫发育、哮喘易感性和哮喘发病机制的影响。本综述的重点是强调该领域在表征人类胃肠道微生物群的成分方面取得的进展,例如幽门螺杆菌、新生儿肠道微生物群的其他成员、以及影响宿主免疫和对过敏原的免疫反应的微生物肽和代谢物。随着我们对这一研究领域的深入研究,目标将是找到可操作的临床干预措施,以及早识别高危人群以预防疾病发作。在婴儿期操纵宿主微生物群落可能是一种特别有前途的方法。
更新日期:2019-12-04
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