BACKGROUND The Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study was a randomized trial of the early introduction of allergenic solids into the infant diet from 3 months of age. The intervention effect did not reach statistical significance in the intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether infants at high risk of developing a food allergy benefited from early introduction. METHODS A secondary intention-to-treat analysis was performed of 3 groups: nonwhite infants; infants with visible eczema at enrollment, with severity determined by SCORAD; and infants with enrollment food sensitization (specific IgE ≥0.1 kU/L). RESULTS Among infants with sensitization to 1 or more foods at enrollment (≥0.1 kU/L), early introduction group (EIG) infants developed significantly less food allergy to 1 or more foods than standard introduction group (SIG) infants (SIG, 34.2%; EIG, 19.2%; P = .03), and among infants with sensitization to egg at enrollment, EIG infants developed less egg allergy (SIG, 48.6%; EIG, 20.0%; P = .01). Similarly, among infants with moderate SCORAD (15-<40) at enrollment, EIG infants developed significantly less food allergy to 1 or more foods (SIG, 46.7%; EIG, 22.6%; P = .048) and less egg allergy (SIG, 43.3%; EIG, 16.1%; P = .02). CONCLUSION Early introduction was effective in preventing the development of food allergy in specific groups of infants at high risk of developing food allergy: those sensitized to egg or to any food at enrollment and those with eczema of increasing severity at enrollment. This efficacy occurred despite low adherence to the early introduction regimen. This has significant implications for the new national infant feeding recommendations that are emerging around the world.

中文翻译：

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对食物过敏高风险婴儿进行耐受性调查 (EAT) 研究的效果。

背景 耐受性调查 (EAT) 研究是一项随机试验，旨在从 3 个月大的婴儿饮食中早期引入致敏固体。在主要结局的意向治疗分析中，干预效果未达到统计学显着性。目的 我们试图确定发生食物过敏的高风险婴儿是否能从早期引入中受益。方法 对 3 组进行二次意向治疗分析：非白人婴儿；入组时有明显湿疹的婴儿，其严重程度由 SCORAD 确定；以及入组食物过敏的婴儿（特异性 IgE ≥0.1 kU/L）。结果 在入组时对 1 种或多种食物过敏的婴儿（≥0.1 kU/L）中，早期引入组（EIG）婴儿对 1 种或多种食物的食物过敏率明显低于标准引入组（SIG）婴儿（SIG，34.2%） ；EIG，19.2%；P = .03），在入组时对鸡蛋过敏的婴儿中，EIG 婴儿对鸡蛋过敏的情况较少（SIG，48.6%；EIG，20.0%；P = .01）。同样，在入组时 SCORAD 为中度 (15-<40) 的婴儿中，EIG 婴儿对 1 种或多种食物的食物过敏显着减少 (SIG, 46.7%; EIG, 22.6%; P = .048) 和鸡蛋过敏 (SIG, 46.7%; EIG, 22.6%; P = .048) ，43.3%；EIG，16.1%；P = .02)。结论 早期引入可有效预防食物过敏高风险的特定婴儿群体发生食物过敏：入组时对鸡蛋或任何食物敏感的婴儿以及入组时湿疹严重程度增加的婴儿。尽管早期引入方案的依从性较低，但仍出现了这种功效。这对世界各地正在出现的新的国家婴儿喂养建议具有重大影响。