The Russian Farm-Fox Experiment is the best known experimental study in animal domestication. By subjecting a population of foxes to selection for tameness alone, Dimitry Belyaev generated foxes that possessed a suite of characteristics that mimicked those found across domesticated species. This 'domestication syndrome' has been a central focus of research into the biological pathways modified during domestication. Here, we chart the origins of Belyaev's foxes in eastern Canada and critically assess the appearance of domestication syndrome traits across animal domesticates. Our results suggest that both the conclusions of the Farm-Fox Experiment and the ubiquity of domestication syndrome have been overstated. To understand the process of domestication requires a more comprehensive approach focused on essential adaptations to human-modified environments.

中文翻译：

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农场狐狸的历史破坏了动物驯化综合症。

俄罗斯农场狐狸实验是动物驯化领域最著名的实验研究。通过仅对一群狐狸进行驯服选择，Dimitry Belyaev 产生了具有一系列特征的狐狸，这些特征模仿了在驯化物种中发现的特征。这种“驯化综合症”一直是研究驯化过程中改变的生物途径的中心焦点。在这里，我们绘制了加拿大东部别利亚耶夫狐狸的起源图表，并批判性地评估了驯化动物驯化综合征特征的出现。我们的研究结果表明，Farm-Fox 实验的结论和普遍存在的驯化综合症都被夸大了。