AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The workplace is a potentially important arena for prevention of type 2 diabetes and the first step is to identify occupations where the disease is common and/or risk is high. Therefore, our aim was to analyse incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes across all occupational groups in Sweden. METHODS This nationwide study included all Swedish citizens born between 1937 and 1979 and gainfully employed between 2001 and 2013 (N = 4,550,892), and followed for a diagnosis of diabetes from 2006 to 2015 (n = 201,717) through national registers. Prevalence in 2013 (mean age 51 years; range 35-67) and age-standardised incidence (per 1000 person-years) were analysed across the 30 most common occupations among men and women. Information on BMI, physical fitness and smoking was obtained through the National Conscription (mean age 18) and Medical Birth Registers (mean age 29). RESULTS Prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 5.2% in men and 3.2% in women; in men it was highest among motor vehicle drivers (8.8%) and in women it was highest among manufacturing workers (6.4%). Incidence varied dramatically across occupational groups. In men, it was highest among manufacturing workers (9.41) and professional drivers (9.32) and lowest among university teachers (3.44). In women, incidence was highest in manufacturing workers (7.20) and cleaners (6.18) and lowest in physiotherapists (2.20). We found major differences in the prevalence of being overweight and smoking and in the level of physical fitness across these occupational groups even at young ages. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Professional drivers, manufacturing workers and cleaners have a threefold increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared with university teachers and physiotherapists. These differences most likely reflect dramatic differences in the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors. If workplace interventions could reduce weight and increase physical activity among employees in these occupations, major health gains may be made.

中文翻译：

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2型糖尿病的职业发生率和患病率：来自所有瑞典雇员的结果。

目的/假设工作场所是预防2型糖尿病的潜在重要场所，第一步是确定疾病常见和/或风险高的职业。因此，我们的目的是分析瑞典所有职业人群中2型糖尿病的发生率和患病率。方法这项全国性研究纳入了所有出生于1937年至1979年之间并在2001年至2013年间有薪工作的瑞典公民（N = 4,550,892），并随后通过国家注册对2006年至2015年间的糖尿病进行了诊断（n = 201,717）。在30种男女最普遍的职业中，分析了2013年的患病率（平均年龄51岁；范围35-67）和年龄标准化的发病率（每1000人年）。有关BMI的信息，身体健康和吸烟是通过《国家征兵》（平均年龄18）和《医疗出生登记册》（平均年龄29）获得的。结果2型糖尿病的患病率男性为5.2％，女性为3.2％。男性在机动车辆驾驶员中最高（8.8％），而女性在制造业工人中最高（6.4％）。各职业群体的发病率差异很大。在男性中，制造业工人（9.41）和专业驾驶员（9.32）的比例最高，而大学教师（3.44）的比例最低。在女性中，制造业工人（7.20）和清洁工人（6.18）的发病率最高，而物理治疗师（2.20）的发病率最低。我们发现，即使在年轻年龄段，这些职业人群的超重和吸烟率以及身体健康水平也存在重大差异。结论/解释与大学教师和物理治疗师相比，专业驾驶员，制造工人和清洁工患2型糖尿病的风险增加了三倍。这些差异很可能反映出生活方式风险因素的患病率存在​​巨大差异。如果工作场所的干预措施可以减轻这些职业的员工的体重，并增加他们的体育锻炼，则可以带来很多健康方面的好处。