¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has some limitations in the evaluation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (WM/LPL), an indolent B-cell lymphoma that primarily involves the bone marrow. Because there is a high level of chemokine receptor 4 expression in the B cells of WM/LPL patients, we performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate the performance of ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor, which targets chemokine receptor 4 in WM/LPL, and to compare it with the performance of ¹⁸F-FDG. Methods: Seventeen patients with WM/LPL were recruited. All patients underwent both ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. A positive PET/CT result was defined as the presence of focal lesions with positive PET results or diffuse bone marrow patterns (uptake > liver). The rates of positive results for PET/CT scans of bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other extramedullary involvement were statistically compared. Results: ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a higher rate of positive results than ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT (100% vs. 58.8%; P = 0.023) in the recruited WM/LPL patients. The sensitivities of ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET/CT and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for detecting bone marrow involvement were 94.1% and 58.8%, respectively (P = 0.077). In terms of detecting lymph node involvement, ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET/CT had a significantly higher rate of positive results than ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT (76.5% vs. 11.8%; P = 0.003). In addition, ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor detected more paramedullary and central nervous system involvement than ¹⁸F-FDG. Conclusion: ⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor might be a promising imaging agent for the assessment of WM/LPL.

¹⁸ F-FDG PET / CT在评估Waldenström巨球蛋白血症/淋巴浆细胞性淋巴瘤（WM / LPL）（一种主要累及骨髓的惰性B细胞淋巴瘤）方面有一些局限性。由于WM / LPL患者的B细胞中趋化因子受体4的表达水平较高，因此我们进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，以评估针对WM / LPL中趋化因子受体4的⁶⁸ Ga-pentixafor的性能。它具有¹⁸ F-FDG的性能。方法：招募17名WM / LPL患者。所有患者均接受了⁶⁸ Ga-pentixa的PET / CT和^18例F-FDG PET / CT。PET / CT阳性结果定义为局灶性病变，PET阳性或弥漫性骨髓模式（摄取>肝脏）。对PET / CT扫描的骨髓，淋巴结和其他髓外累及的阳性结果率进行统计学比较。结果： 在入组WM / LPL患者中，⁶⁸ Ga-pentixafor PET / CT的阳性结果率高于¹⁸ F-FDG PET / CT（100％比58.8％；P = 0.023）。⁶⁸ Ga-pentixa对PET / CT和¹⁸ F-FDG PET / CT对检测骨髓侵犯的敏感性分别为94.1％和58.8％（P = 0.077）。在检测淋巴结受累方面，⁶⁸Ga-pentixafor PET / CT的阳性结果率显着高于¹⁸ F-FDG PET / CT（76.5％对11.8％；P = 0.003）。此外，与¹⁸ F-FDG相比，⁶⁸ Ga-pentixafor检测到更多的髓旁和中枢神经系统受累。结论：⁶⁸ Ga-pentixafor可能是评估WM / LPL的有前途的影像学检查剂。