Recent studies show that people exhibit a reduced decision bias in a foreign language relative to their native language. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) combined with an even-probability gambling task in which gambling feedback was presented in either a native language or a foreign language after each decision, we assessed the neural correlates of language modulated behavioral changes in decision making. In both foreign and native language contexts, participants showed a behavioral pattern resembles the Gambler's fallacy that losing a gamble leads to more betting than winning a gamble. While there was no language difference in gambling, bilateral caudate and amygdala gain signals were exaggerated by foreign language in relative to native language, suggesting that foreign language enhanced neural responses to rewards. Moreover, the individual difference in foreign language-induced Gambler's fallacy-like decision bias was associated with activation in the right amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, as well as functional connectivity between right amygdala and right putamen/right posterior insula. Our results confirm that outcome processing in emotion-related regions may underlie individual differences in foreign language effects in judgment and decision making.

中文翻译：

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外语的行为和神经基础影响冒险行为。

最近的研究表明，相对于母语，人们在外语方面的决策偏见有所减少。但是，其潜在机制仍然未知。通过将功能磁共振成像（fMRI）与均匀概率的赌博任务（其中在每个决策后以母语或外语呈现赌博反馈）相结合，我们评估了决策过程中语言调制的行为变化的神经相关性。在外语和母语环境中，参与者都表现出一种类似于赌徒谬误的行为模式，即输掉一场赌比下一场赌多导致下注。尽管赌博没有语言差异，但相对于母语，外语夸大了双侧尾状和杏仁核的增益信号，这表明外语增强了对奖赏的神经反应。此外，外语诱发的赌徒的谬误样决策偏见的个体差异与右杏仁核和腹膜前额叶皮层的激活以及右杏仁核和右壳核/右后岛之间的功能连接有关。我们的结果证实，与情感相关的区域中的结果处理可能是外语在判断和决策方面的影响的个体差异的基础。以及右杏仁核和右壳核/右后岛之间的功能连接。我们的结果证实，与情感相关的区域中的结果处理可能是外语在判断和决策方面的影响的个体差异的基础。以及右杏仁核和右壳核/右后岛之间的功能连接。我们的结果证实，与情感相关的区域中的结果处理可能是外语在判断和决策方面的影响的个体差异的基础。