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Comparative toxicity of nanoparticulate and ionic copper following dietary exposure to common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108680
Seyed Ali Johari 1 , Mehrdad Sarkheil 2 , Saba Asghari 1 , Fatemeh Haghighat 1 , Leila Dekani 1 , Saeed Keyvanshokooh 3
Affiliation  

Copper is an essential element for the normal growth and survival of all organisms including fish. However, its excessive presence in the environment can cause bioaccumulation and aquatic toxicology. The aim of the present study was to compare the dietary toxicity effects of two different Cu compounds, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) and ionic copper (CuSO4) in juvenile common carp, Cyprinus carpio. To prepare experimental diets, two nominal concentrations of 100 and 1000 mg Cu kg-1 diet were added to a basal diet. Carp (n = 450, average initial weight of 35.94 ± 5.35 g) were fed on the Cu-supplemented diets and basal diets for two 21-day courses as dietary exposure and recovery periods, respectively. The growth performance, survival rate and blood biochemical indices as well as copper accumulation in target organs of fish were investigated at the end of each exposure period. The results showed that the weight gain (WG) of carp significantly decreased coincident with increasing concentration of the both dietary Cu forms (P = 0.00). Both Cu sources at concentrations of 100 mg kg-1 diet decreased the survival rate of fish (P = 0.003), likely due to more feed intake and thus increased copper toxicity. The both forms of dietary Cu at two different concentrations significantly decreased the plasma glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) level compared to the control group (P = 0.008). Fish exposed to diets containing Cu sources except 100 mg Cu kg-1 of CuO-NPs showed the lower glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity in comparison to the control (P = 0.00). The plasma sodium level in1000 mg CuO-NPs kg-1 diet was significantly lower than the control (P = 0.001). The plasma potassium level increased in the all Cu-supplemented groups except 100 mg kg-1 of CuO-NPs after the dietary exposure period (P = 0.035). The copper accumulation was dose-dependent in all target organs. In 100 mg Cu kg-1 dietary groups, the liver showed the highest Cu accumulation (P = 0.00), while in 1000 mg Cu kg-1 dietary groups, the highest Cu content was observed in the intestine (P = 0.00). The results demonstrated the enhanced toxicological responses in fish after 21 days of dietary exposure, but the levels of most of biochemical indices and tissues Cu content decreased or returned to the control values after the recovery period.

中文翻译:

饮食中暴露于鲤鱼中的纳米颗粒和离子铜的比较毒性。

铜是包括鱼类在内的所有生物正常生长和生存的重要元素。但是,其在环境中的过量存在会引起生物蓄积和水生毒理学。本研究的目的是比较两种不同的铜化合物(氧化铜纳米粒子(CuO-NPs)和离子铜(CuSO4))对幼年鲤鱼的饮食毒性影响。为了准备实验饮食,将两种标称浓度的100和1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食添加到基础饮食中。鲤鱼(n = 450,平均初始重量为35.94±5.35 g)以补充铜和基础饮食喂养两个21天的疗程,分别作为饮食暴露和恢复期。成长表现 在每个暴露期结束时,对鱼类的目标器官的存活率和血液生化指标以及铜积累情况进行了调查。结果表明,鲤鱼的增重(WG)显着降低,这与两种饮食中两种形式的Cu的浓度增加一致(P = 0.00)。两种浓度为100 mg kg-1的铜源都降低了鱼的成活率(P = 0.003),这可能是由于饲料摄入量增加,从而增加了铜的毒性。与对照组相比,两种形式的膳食铜在两种不同浓度下均显着降低了血浆谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)水平(P = 0.008)。暴露于含有除100 mg Cu kg-1 CuO-NPs以外的铜源饮食中的鱼,与对照组相比,谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶(GPT)活性较低(P = 0.00)。1000 mg CuO-NPs kg-1日粮中的血浆钠水平显着低于对照组(P = 0.001)。饮食暴露期后,除100 mg kg-1的CuO-NPs外,所有补充Cu的组血浆钾水平均升高(P = 0.035)。铜积累在所有靶器官中均呈剂量依赖性。在100 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,肝脏显示出最高的Cu积累(P = 0.00),而在1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,在肠道中观察到最高的Cu含量(P = 0.00)。结果表明,在饮食中接触21天后,鱼的毒理反应增强,但恢复期后大多数生化指标和组织中的铜含量降低或恢复到控制值。饮食暴露期后,除100 mg kg-1的CuO-NPs外,所有补充Cu的组血浆钾水平均升高(P = 0.035)。铜积累在所有靶器官中均呈剂量依赖性。在100 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,肝脏显示出最高的Cu积累(P = 0.00),而在1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,在肠道中观察到最高的Cu含量(P = 0.00)。结果表明,膳食接触21天后鱼类的毒理反应增强,但恢复期后大多数生化指标和组织中的铜含量降低或恢复到控制值。饮食暴露期后,除100 mg kg-1的CuO-NPs外,所有补充Cu的组血浆钾水平均升高(P = 0.035)。铜积累在所有靶器官中均呈剂量依赖性。在100 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,肝脏显示出最高的Cu积累(P = 0.00),而在1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,在肠道中观察到最高的Cu含量(P = 0.00)。结果表明,膳食接触21天后鱼类的毒理反应增强,但恢复期后大多数生化指标和组织中的铜含量降低或恢复到控制值。铜积累在所有靶器官中均呈剂量依赖性。在100 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,肝脏显示出最高的Cu积累(P = 0.00),而在1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,在肠道中观察到最高的Cu含量(P = 0.00)。结果表明,膳食接触21天后鱼类的毒理反应增强,但恢复期后大多数生化指标和组织中的铜含量降低或恢复到控制值。铜积累在所有靶器官中均呈剂量依赖性。在100 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,肝脏显示出最高的Cu积累(P = 0.00),而在1000 mg Cu kg-1饮食组中,在肠道中观察到最高的Cu含量(P = 0.00)。结果表明,膳食接触21天后鱼类的毒理反应增强,但恢复期后大多数生化指标和组织中的铜含量降低或恢复到控制值。
更新日期:2019-11-30
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