Members of the mitochondrial carrier family (SLC25) provide the transport steps for amino acids, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, cofactors, inorganic ions, and nucleotides across the mitochondrial inner membrane and are crucial for many cellular processes. Here, we use new insights into the transport mechanism of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier to examine the structure and function of other mitochondrial carriers. They all have a single substrate-binding site and two gates, which are present on either side of the membrane and involve salt-bridge networks. Transport is likely to occur by a common mechanism, in which the coordinated movement of six structural elements leads to the alternating opening and closing of the matrix or cytoplasmic side of the carriers.

中文翻译：

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SLC25 线粒体载体家族：结构和机制。

线粒体载体家族 (SLC25) 的成员为氨基酸、羧酸、脂肪酸、辅因子、无机离子和核苷酸跨线粒体内膜提供转运步骤，对许多细胞过程至关重要。在这里，我们使用对线粒体 ADP/ATP 载体转运机制的新见解来检查其他线粒体载体的结构和功能。它们都有一个单一的底物结合位点和两个门，它们位于膜的两侧并涉及盐桥网络。运输很可能通过一个共同的机制发生，其中六个结构元素的协调运动导致载体的基质或细胞质侧的交替打开和关闭。