In recent years, ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained increasing attention due to their ability to extract and solubilize metabolites and biopolymers in quantities far beyond their solubility in oil and water. The hypothesis that naturally occurring metabolites are able to form a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES), thereby constituting a third intracellular phase in addition to the aqueous and lipid phases, has prompted researchers to study the role of NADES in living systems. As an excellent solvent for specialized metabolites, formation of NADES in response to dehydration of plant cells could provide an appropriate environment for the functional storage of enzymes during drought. Using the enzymes catalyzing the biosynthesis of the defense compound dhurrin as an experimental model system, we demonstrate that enzymes involved in this pathway exhibit increased stability in NADES compared with aqueous buffer solutions, and that enzyme activity is restored upon rehydration. Inspired by nature, application of NADES provides a biotechnological approach for long-term storage of entire biosynthetic pathways including membrane-anchored enzymes.

中文翻译：

---

使用天然低共熔溶剂稳定双色高粱中的 dhurrin 生物合成酶

近年来，离子液体和低共熔溶剂 (DES) 因其提取和溶解代谢物和生物聚合物的能力远远超出其在油和水中的溶解度而受到越来越多的关注。天然存在的代谢物能够形成天然深共熔溶剂 (NADES)，从而构成除水相和脂质相之外的第三个细胞内相的假设，促使研究人员研究 NADES 在生命系统中的作用。作为特殊代谢物的优良溶剂，响应植物细胞脱水的 NADES 的形成可以为干旱期间酶的功能储存提供合适的环境。使用催化防御化合物杜尔林生物合成的酶作为实验模型系统，我们证明，与水性缓冲溶液相比，参与该途径的酶在 NADES 中表现出更高的稳定性，并且酶活性在再水化后得以恢复。受大自然的启发，NADES 的应用为包括膜锚定酶在内的整个生物合成途径的长期储存提供了一种生物技术方法。