OBJECTIVE The object is to find an easy but efficient way to illustrate the in-situ dispersion of nano-scaled one-dimensional fillers in composite resins, and to correlate their dispersion status with the properties of composite resins. METHODS Fluorescent europium-doped hydroxyapatite nanowires (HANW:Eu) were synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The HANW:Eu was mixed into Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (60/40, w/w) at different contents (1-5wt.%), and different processing methods (kneading, grinding, stirring) were tested to achieve good dispersion of HANW:Eu with the aid of fluorescent imaging system. Then, the mixtures of HANW:Eu and barium glass powder (BaGP) were kneaded into resin at a fixed content (70wt.%) while at different mixing ratios. In addition to the 3D fluorescent imaging, characterizations were carried out on mechanical properties, fractured surface, wear resistance and polymerization shrinkage, to correlate the composite properties of with the dispersion status of the incorporated HANW:Eu. RESULTS By doping calcium with 5mol.% of europium, the obtained HANW:Eu displayed strong fluorescence, which made the illustration of its in-situ dispersion status within composites being possible. And this helped to judge that kneading was more efficient to homogeneously disperse HANW:Eu than grinding and stirring. However, it was illustrated vividly that HANW:Eu aggregated severely when it was co-incorporated with BaGP into composites at the total content of 70wt.%, which had not been previously revealed by other microscope observations. In comparison with composites containing 70wt.% of BaGP, improvements in the mechanical properties of resulting composites were identified for the cases containing 3wt.% of HANW and 67wt.% of BaGP, however, their wear volume loss and the polymerization shrinkage did not decrease as expected due to the HANW aggregations. SIGNIFICANCE The fluorescent filler prepared in this study provides a feasible strategy to illustrate the in-situ dispersion status of inorganic fillers, which provides guidance for the processing of composite resins.

中文翻译：

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用荧光euro掺杂的羟基磷灰石纳米线增强的复合树脂，用于原位表征。

目的目的是找到一种简单而有效的方法来说明纳米级一维填料在复合树脂中的原位分散，并使它们的分散状态与复合树脂的性能相关联。方法采用水热法合成荧光euro掺杂羟基磷灰石纳米线（HANW：Eu）。将HANW：Eu以不同的含量（1-5wt。％）混合到Bis-GMA / TEGDMA（60/40，w / w）中，并测试了不同的加工方法（捏合，研磨，搅拌）以实现良好的分散性。 HANW：Eu借助荧光成像系统。然后，将HANW：Eu和钡玻璃粉（BaGP）的混合物以固定的含量（70wt。％）和不同的混合比捏和到树脂中。除了3D荧光成像外，还对机械性能进行了表征，断裂的表面，耐磨性和聚合收缩率，以将HANW：Eu的复合性能与分散状态关联起来。结果通过将钙掺入5摩尔％的,，所得的HANW：Eu表现出强荧光，这使其在复合物中的原位分散状态得以说明。这有助于判断捏合比分散和搅拌更有效地均匀分散HANW：Eu。然而，生动地表明，HANW：Eu与BaGP共同掺入复合材料时，其总含量为70wt。％时会严重聚集，这是以前其他显微镜观察所未发现的。与含有70wt。％BaGP的复合材料相比，对于包含3wt。％HANW和67wt。％BaGP的情况，可以确定所得复合材料的机械性能有所改善，但是，由于HANW聚集，其磨损量损失和聚合收缩率并未如预期的那样降低。意义本研究中制备的荧光填料提供了一种可行的策略来说明无机填料的原位分散状态，这为复合树脂的加工提供了指导。