Chronic breathlessness is debilitating and frightening, often resulting in emergency department presentations with acute-on-chronic breathlessness. Self-management is complex, involving 14 components as identified by the Practical Systematic Review in Self-Management Support (PRISMS). Low-intensity educational interventions that support breathlessness self-management through written/visual educational materials, alongside limited health professional support, are available. Our aim was to describe components of low-intensity educational interventions that support and improve self-management for adults with chronic breathlessness and evaluate their efficacy for improving breathlessness-related outcomes. A systematic review was conducted, including RCTs that compared these interventions with usual care in adults with chronic disease. Synthesis took a narrative approach utilizing the PRISMS taxonomy and Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Of the 1948 articles identified, 7 met criteria reporting 7 RCTs using 6 interventions. Studies utilized 12 out of 14 PRISMS components, the most frequent being training/rehearsal for psychological strategies. Evidence for effectiveness was inconsistent and attempts to identify beneficial components were confounded by intervention complexity and heterogeneity. The optimal content and delivery of low-intensity educational interventions that support self-management to improve chronic breathlessness-related outcomes in adults cannot be defined from current published literature. Future research should incorporate more detailed, standardized reporting to enable comparison and meta-analysis.

中文翻译：

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支持自我管理以改善与慢性呼吸困难相关的结局的低强度教育干预措施：系统综述。

慢性呼吸困难使人衰弱和恐惧，经常导致急诊科出现急慢性呼吸困难。自我管理很复杂，涉及14个组成部分，如自我管理支持实用系统审查（PRISMS）所确定。可提供低强度的教育干预措施，通过书面/视觉教育材料来支持呼吸困难的自我管理，同时提供有限的卫生专业人员支持。我们的目的是描述低强度教育干预措施的组成部分，这些干预措施可支持和改善患有慢性呼吸困难的成年人的自我管理，并评估其改善与呼吸困难相关的结局的功效。进行了系统评价，包括RCT，这些RCT将这些干预措施与成人慢性病患者的常规护理进行了比较。综合采用PRISMS分类法和干预描述和复制模板（TIDieR）清单的叙事方法。在确定的1948条文章中，有7项符合标准，使用6种干预措施报告了7项RCT。研究使用了14个PRISMS组件中的12个，其中最频繁的是针对心理策略的培训/演练。有效性的证据不一致，干预复杂性和异质性混淆了确定有益成分的尝试。不能从当前发表的文献中定义支持自我管理以改善成年人慢性呼吸困难相关结局的低强度教育干预措施的最佳内容和提供。未来的研究应纳入更详细，标准化的报告，以进行比较和荟萃分析。