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circRNAs and Exosomes: A Mysterious Frontier for Human Cancer.
Molecular Therapy - Nucleic Acids ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-29 , DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.11.023
Xuefei Shi 1 , Bin Wang 1 , Xueren Feng 1 , Yongcan Xu 2 , Kaihua Lu 3 , Ming Sun 4
Affiliation  

Exosomes are nano-sized membrane-bound vesicles and contain active substances (DNA, noncoding RNA [ncRNA], protein), which provide a novel method of transferring effector messages between cells. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a kind of ncRNA, have attracted increasing attention over the last decade given advances in whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing technologies. It has become increasingly clear that circRNAs regulate gene expression through various actions and play diverse roles in many fields of human cancer biology. Notably, several studies reported that circRNAs are enriched in exosomes and that exosomal circRNAs play an important role in cancer biology. Exosomal circRNAs can be taken up by neighboring or distant cells and affect many aspects of physiological and pathological conditions of the recipient cells, potentially promoting cell communication and tumor metastasis. Herein, we briefly review the molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and recent findings regarding exosomal circRNAs, and highlight the specific roles of exosomal circRNAs in human cancer.



中文翻译:

circRNA和外泌体:人类癌症的神秘领域。

外泌体是纳米大小的膜结合囊泡,含有活性物质(DNA,非编码RNA [ncRNA],蛋白质),提供了在细胞之间转移效应子信息的新方法。随着全基因组和转录组测序技术的发展,环状RNA(circRNA)是一种ncRNA,在过去的十年中引起了越来越多的关注。越来越清楚的是,circRNA通过多种作用调节基因表达,并在人类癌症生物学的许多领域中发挥着不同的作用。值得注意的是,一些研究报告称circRNA富含外泌体,而外泌体circRNA在癌症生物学中起着重要作用。外体circRNA可以被邻近或远处的细胞吸收,并影响受体细胞的生理和病理状况的许多方面,潜在地促进细胞通讯和肿瘤转移。在本文中,我们简要回顾了circRNA的分子机制以及有关外泌体circRNA的最新发现,并重点介绍了外泌体circRNA在人类癌症中的特定作用。

更新日期:2019-11-29
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