Endoscopic assessment is currently the criterion standard for the diagnosis and assessment of mucosal disease activity, prognosis and monitoring for dysplasia and the assessment of response to therapy. Wider appreciation of the potential disconnect between symptoms and objective measures of disease activity and evidence that uncontrolled inflammation may lead to progressive intestinal injury and irreversible bowel damage with adverse events, has led to the concept of “treating to target.” ”Treating to target” is defined as treating patients with high risk for disease progression early to prevent or limit intestinal injury or disability. Endoscopic remission (mucosal healing) has emerged as a key goal of therapy. Although there are no currently validated definitions of endoscopic mucosal remission, the use of endoscopic scoring systems add uniformity, objectivity and aid standardization with reporting of mucosal appearances, augmenting clinical decision-making. A plethora of scoring systems exist to define activity, response and remission in both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. In this review, we discuss the most commonly used endoscopic scoring systems, proposed definitions of response and remission and discuss how they can be integrated into a treat-to target approach to optimize patient outcomes.

内窥镜评估目前是诊断和评估粘膜疾病活动，不典型增生的预后和监测以及对治疗反应评估的标准标准。对症状与疾病活动的客观测量之间潜在的脱节的广泛理解，以及不受控制的炎症可能导致进行性肠损伤和伴随不良事件的不可逆肠损害的证据，导致了“治疗目标”的概念。“治疗目标”定义为及早治疗疾病进展高风险的患者，以预防或限制肠道损伤或残疾。内窥镜缓解（粘膜愈合）已成为治疗的主要目标。尽管目前尚无内镜下粘膜缓解的定义，内窥镜评分系统的使用增加了一致性，客观性，并通过报告粘膜外观来帮助实现标准化，从而增强了临床决策能力。存在许多评分系统来定义克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的活动，反应和缓解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了最常用的内窥镜评分系统，提出了缓解和缓解的定义，并讨论了如何将它们整合到以治疗为目标的方法中以优化患者预后。