Cardiac arrhythmias are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Recent advances in the pathophysiological understanding of cardiac arrhythmia indicate that inflammation, fibrosis, and even autoimmune mechanisms could facilitate the development of arrhythmias by interfering either with fibroblast activation-related electrical remodeling or with the function of different cardiac ion channels, leading to the emerging concepts of autoimmune and inflammatory channelopathies. In this descriptive review, we considered recent data of the literature focusing on biomarkers reflecting the degree of inflammation, myocardial stretch, fibrosis and sustained B-cell activation as potential additional diagnostic, risk stratification tools and potential therapeutic targets in cardiac arrhythmia.

中文翻译：

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新兴的心律失常生物标志物。

心脏心律失常与高发病率和高死亡率有关。对心律不齐的病理生理理解的最新进展表明，炎症，纤维化，甚至自身免疫机制都可以通过干扰成纤维细胞活化相关的电重构或不同心脏离子通道的功能来促进心律失常的发展，从而导致出现新概念自身免疫和炎性通道病。在此描述性综述中，我们认为文献的最新数据侧重于反映炎症，心肌舒张，纤维化和持续B细胞活化程度的生物标志物，作为心律不齐的潜在附加诊断，风险分层工具和潜在治疗靶标。