This review focusses on the functions of intracellular and extracellular calmodulin, its target proteins and their binding proteins during the asexual life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum. Calmodulin is a primary regulatory protein of calcium signal transduction that functions throughout all stages. During growth, it mediates autophagy, the cell cycle, folic acid chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and other functions. During mitosis, specific calmodulin‐binding proteins translocate to alternative locations. Translocation of at least one cell adhesion protein is calmodulin dependent. When starved, cells undergo calmodulin‐dependent chemotaxis to cyclic AMP generating a multicellular pseudoplasmodium. Calmodulin‐dependent signalling within the slug sets up a defined pattern and polarity that sets the stage for the final events of morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Transected slugs undergo calmodulin‐dependent transdifferentiation to re‐establish the disrupted pattern and polarity. Calmodulin function is critical for stalk cell differentiation but also functions in spore formation, events that begin in the pseudoplasmodium. The asexual life cycle restarts with the calmodulin‐dependent germination of spores. Specific calmodulin‐binding proteins as well as some of their binding partners have been linked to each of these events. The functions of extracellular calmodulin during growth and development are also discussed. This overview brings to the forefront the central role of calmodulin, working through its numerous binding proteins, as a primary downstream regulator of the critical calcium signalling pathways that have been well established in this model eukaryote. This is the first time the function of calmodulin and its target proteins have been documented through the complete life cycle of any eukaryote.

中文翻译：

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变形虫盘基网柄菌生命周期中钙调蛋白介导的事件

本文重点介绍了盘基网柄菌无性生命周期中细胞内和细胞外钙调蛋白、其靶蛋白及其结合蛋白的功能。钙调蛋白是钙信号转导的主要调节蛋白，在所有阶段发挥作用。在生长过程中，它介导自噬、细胞周期、叶酸趋化作用、吞噬作用和其他功能。在有丝分裂期间，特定的钙调蛋白结合蛋白易位到其他位置。至少一种细胞粘附蛋白的易位是钙调蛋白依赖性的。当饥饿时，细胞会经历钙调蛋白依赖性的环磷酸腺苷趋化作用，产生多细胞假疟原虫。蛞蝓内的钙调蛋白依赖性信号传导建立了明确的模式和极性，为形态发生和细胞分化的最终事件奠定了基础。横断的蛞蝓经历钙调蛋白依赖性转分化，以重建破坏的模式和极性。钙调蛋白功能对于茎细胞分化至关重要，而且在孢子形成（从假疟原虫中开始的事件）中也发挥作用。无性生命周期随着钙调蛋白依赖性孢子的萌发而重新开始。特定的钙调蛋白结合蛋白及其一些结合伴侣与这些事件中的每一个都相关。还讨论了细胞外钙调蛋白在生长和发育过程中的功能。这一概述突出了钙调蛋白的核心作用，通过其众多的结合蛋白发挥作用，作为该模型真核生物中已确立的关键钙信号传导途径的主要下游调节剂。这是首次在真核生物的整个生命周期中记录钙调蛋白及其靶蛋白的功能。