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Baicalin mitigated Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced structural damage and attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis in chicken thymus through the Nrf2/HO-1 defence pathway.
Veterinary Research ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-21 , DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0703-6
Jichang Li 1 , Zujian Qiao 1, 2 , Wanying Hu 1 , Wei Zhang 1 , Syed Waqas Ali Shah 3 , Muhammad Ishfaq 1
Affiliation  

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ and plays a critical role in the immune response against infectious agents. Baicalin is a naturally derived flavonoid famous for its pharmacological properties, but the preventive effects of baicalin against immune impairment remain unclear. We examined this effect in the context of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection-induced structural damage in the chicken thymus. Histopathological examination showed that the compact arrangement of cells in the thymus was lost in the MG-infected group. Inflammatory cell infiltration and nuclear debris accumulated, and the boundary between the cortex and medulla was not clearly visible. The mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes were significantly increased in the MG-infected group compared to the control group and the baicalin group. The number of positively stained nuclei in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay were increased in the MG-infected group. In addition, electron microscopic examination showed chromatin condensation, mitochondrial swelling and apoptotic vesicles in the MG-infected group. However, baicalin treatment significantly alleviated the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by MG infection. Importantly, the abnormal morphology was partially ameliorated by baicalin treatment. Compared to the MG-infected group, the baicalin-treated group showed significantly reduced expression of apoptosis-related genes at both the mRNA and protein levels. Meanwhile, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway and downstream genes were significantly upregulated by baicalin to counteract MG-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the thymocytes of chickens. In summary, these findings suggest that baicalin treatment efficiently attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis by activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway and could protect the thymus from MG infection-mediated structural and functional damage.

中文翻译:

黄ical苷通过Nrf2 / HO-1防御途径减轻鸡胸腺支原体引起的结构损伤,并减轻其氧化应激和细胞凋亡。

胸腺是主要的淋巴器官,在针对传染原的免疫反应中起关键作用。黄ical苷是一种天然来源的黄酮类化合物,以其药理特性而闻名,但其对免疫损伤的预防作用仍不清楚。我们在鸡胸腺支原体支原体(MG)感染引起的结构损伤的背景下检查了这种效果。组织病理学检查显示,在MG感染组中,胸腺中细胞的紧密排列丢失了。炎性细胞浸润和核碎片积聚,皮质与髓质之间的边界不清晰可见。与对照组和黄ical苷组相比,MG感染组细胞凋亡相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达显着增加。在MG感染组中,末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(TUNEL)测定中阳性染色的核数目增加。另外,电子显微镜检查显示,MG感染组的染色质浓缩,线粒体肿胀和凋亡小泡。然而,黄ical苷治疗显着减轻了MG感染诱导的氧化应激和细胞凋亡。重要的是,黄ical苷治疗可部分改善异常形态。与MG感染组相比,黄ical苷治疗组在mRNA和蛋白质水平上均显示出凋亡相关基因的表达显着降低。同时,黄ical苷可显着上调核因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)信号通路和下游基因,从而抵消MG诱导的鸡胸腺细胞氧化应激和细胞凋亡。总之,这些发现表明黄ical苷治疗通过激活Nrf2信号通路有效地减轻了氧化应激和细胞凋亡,并可以保护胸腺免受MG感染介导的结构和功能损伤。
更新日期:2019-10-21
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