BackgroundPost-traumatic headache (PTH) is associated with considerable disability and reduced health-related quality of life. Despite the very high prevalence of PTH, there are no evidence-based guidelines for PTH treatment. Thus, we found it timely to provide a systematic review of the current literature on acute and preventive pharmacological treatment of PTH using PubMed and Embase databases.FindingsIncluded studies involved acute and preventive pharmacological treatment of headache attributed to traumatic injury to the head in adherence to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) criteria. Of 1424 potentially relevant articles identified, 63 were retrieved for detailed evaluation and seven studies (one prospective and six retrospective) met the inclusion criteria. None of the seven included studies were randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or used a placebo-controlled study design.ConclusionWe found that there is a lack of high-quality evidence-based studies on the pharmacological treatment of PTH. Future studies are highly needed and must emphasize open-label studies with rigorous methodology or RCTs with a placebo-controlled design.

中文翻译：

---

创伤后头痛的急性和预防性药物治疗：系统评价

背景创伤后头痛 (PTH) 与严重的残疾和与健康相关的生活质量下降有关。尽管 PTH 的患病率非常高，但没有关于 PTH 治疗的循证指南。因此，我们发现使用 PubMed 和 Embase 数据库对当前关于 PTH 急性和预防性药物治疗的文献进行系统评价是及时的。国际头痛疾病分类 (ICHD) 标准。在确定的 1424 篇潜在相关文章中，检索了 63 篇进行详细评估，七项研究（一项前瞻性研究和六项回顾性研究）符合纳入标准。纳入的七项研究均未进行随机临床试验（RCTs）或使用安慰剂对照研究设计。结论我们发现缺乏关于PTH药物治疗的高质量循证研究。未来的研究非常需要，并且必须强调采用严格方法的开放标签研究或采用安慰剂对照设计的 RCT。