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Prevalence and patterns of cigarette smoking before and during early and late pregnancy according to maternal characteristics: the first national data based on the 2003 birth certificate revision, United States, 2016
Reproductive Health ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-13 , DOI: 10.1186/s12978-019-0807-5
Anthony J Kondracki 1
Affiliation  

The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of smoking by intensity status before pregnancy and during early (first and second trimester) and late (third trimester) pregnancy according to race/ethnicity, age, and educational attainment of women who gave birth in the United States in 2016. This cross-sectional study was based on the 2016 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Natality File of 3,956,112 live births, the first year that it became 100% nationally representative. Self-reported smoking data were used to create new seven smoking intensity status categories to capture natural variability in smoking patterns during pregnancy and to identify maternal smokers by race/ethnicity, age, and educational attainment. The risk of smoking at low and high intensity in early pregnancy was estimated in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Nearly 9.4% of women reported smoking before pregnancy and 7.1% during pregnancy, both at high and low intensity, and smoking rates were higher in the first trimester (7.1%) than in the second (6.1%) or the third (5.7%) trimester. Non-Hispanic White women, women 20–24 years old, and women with less than a high school education were the strongest predictors of smoking anytime during pregnancy. The odds of smoking in early pregnancy at high intensity were 88% lower (aOR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.13) for Hispanic women, compared to non-Hispanic White women; 16% higher (aOR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.21) for women 20–24 years old and 16% lower (aOR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80, 0.89) for women ≥35 years old, compared to women 25–29 years old; as well as 13% higher (aOR 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.18) for women with less than a high school education and 92% lower (aOR 0.08, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.09) for women with a bachelor’s degree or higher, compared to women with a high school diploma. Despite the high prevalence of high intensity smoking before and during pregnancy, future intervention strategies need to focus on the proportion of low intensity quitters and reducers, who are ready to stop smoking. Continual monitoring of trends in smoking intensity patterns is necessary, including neonatal outcomes over time.

中文翻译:

根据母亲特征划分的怀孕前、怀孕早期和晚期吸烟的流行率和模式:基于 2003 年出生证明修订版的第一份全国数据,美国,2016 年

本研究的目的是根据生育妇女的种族/族裔、年龄和受教育程度,检查怀孕前、怀孕早期(妊娠早期和中期)和晚期(妊娠晚期)吸烟的强度状况。 2016 年的美国。这项横断面研究基于 2016 年国家卫生统计中心 (NCHS) 的 3,956,112 名活产出生档案,这是该档案首次在全国范围内具有 100% 代表性。自我报告的吸烟数据被用来创建新的七种吸烟强度状态类别,以捕捉怀孕期间吸烟模式的自然变化,并根据种族/民族、年龄和教育程度来识别母亲吸烟者。通过多变量逻辑回归分析评估了妊娠早期低强度和高强度吸烟的风险。近 9.4% 的女性表示在怀孕前吸烟,怀孕期间吸烟的比例为 7.1%,无论是高强度还是低强度吸烟,且妊娠前三个月 (7.1%) 的吸烟率高于妊娠第二个月 (6.1%) 或第三个月 (5.7%)。三个月。非西班牙裔白人女性、20-24 岁的女性以及高中以下学历的女性是怀孕期间吸烟的最强预测因素。与非西班牙裔白人女性相比,西班牙裔女性在妊娠早期高强度吸烟的几率低 88%(aOR 0.12,95% CI:0.11,0.13);与 25-24 岁的女性相比,20-24 岁的女性高 16%(aOR 1.16,95% CI:1.12,1.21),≥35 岁的女性低 16%(aOR 0.84,95% CI:0.80,0.89)。 29岁;高中以下学历的女性则高出 13%(aOR 1.13,95% CI:1.09,1.18),而拥有学士学位或本科学历的女性则低 92%(aOR 0.08,95% CI:0.08,0.09)。与拥有高中文凭的女性相比,这一数字更高。尽管怀孕前和怀孕期间高强度吸烟的患病率很高,但未来的干预策略需要重点关注准备戒烟的低强度戒烟者和减少吸烟者的比例。有必要持续监测吸烟强度模式的趋势,包括随时间推移的新生儿结局。
更新日期:2019-09-13
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