Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal disease, and recurrence and metastasis are the major causes of death in HCC patients. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major stromal cell type in the HCC microenvironment, promote HCC progression, and have gradually become a hot research topic in HCC-targeted therapy. This review comprehensively describes and discusses the heterogeneous tissue distribution, cellular origin, phenotype, and biological functions of HCC-associated fibroblasts. Furthermore, the possible use of CAFs for predicting HCC prognosis and in targeted therapeutic strategies is discussed, highlighting the critical roles of CAFs in HCC progression, diagnosis, and therapy.

中文翻译：

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癌症相关成纤维细胞的异质性及其在肝细胞癌的进展，预后和治疗中的作用。

肝细胞癌（HCC）是一种致死性疾病，复发和转移是HCC患者死亡的主要原因。癌相关成纤维细胞（CAF）是HCC微环境中的主要基质细胞类型，可促进HCC进展，并已逐渐成为HCC靶向治疗的热门研究课题。这篇综述全面地描述和讨论了HCC相关成纤维细胞的异质组织分布，细胞起源，表型和生物学功能。此外，讨论了CAF在预测HCC预后和靶向治疗策略中的可能用途，突出了CAF在HCC进展，诊断和治疗中的关键作用。