BACKGROUND Evidence suggests eating home-prepared food (HPF) is associated with increased dietary quality, while dietary quality varies across socio-demographic factors. Although it has been hypothesised that variation in HPF consumption between population sub-groups may contribute to variation in dietary quality, evidence is inconclusive. This study takes a novel approach to quantifying home-prepared food (HPF) consumption, and describes HPF consumption in a population-representative sample, determining variation between socio-demographic groups. It tests the association between HPF consumption and dietary quality, determining whether socio-demographic characteristics moderate this association. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of UK survey data (N = 6364, aged≥19; collected 2008-16, analysed 2018). High dietary quality was defined as 'DASH accordance': the quintile most accordant with the Dietary Approaches to Stopping Hypertension (DASH) diet. HPF consumption was estimated from 4-day food diaries. Linear regressions were used to determine the association between HPF consumption and socio-demographic variables (household income, education, occupation, age, gender, ethnicity and children in the household). Logistic regression was used to determine the association between HPF consumption and DASH accordance. Interaction terms were introduced, testing for moderation of the association between HPF consumption and DASH accordance by socio-demographic variables. RESULTS HPF consumption was relatively low across the sample (Mean (SD) % of energy consumption = 26.5%(12.1%)), and lower among white participants (25.9% v 37.8 and 34.4% for black and Asian participants respectively, p < 0.01). It did not vary substantially by age, gender, education, income or occupation. Higher consumption of HPF was associated with greater odds of being in the most DASH accordant quintile (OR = 1.2 per 10% increase in % energy from HPF, 95% CI 1.1-1.3). Ethnicity was the only significant moderator of the association between HPF consumption and DASH accordance, but this should be interpreted with caution due to high proportion of white participants. CONCLUSIONS While an association exists between HPF consumption and higher dietary quality, consumption of HPF or HPF's association with dietary quality does not vary substantially between socio-demographic groups. While HPF may be a part of the puzzle, it appears other factors drive socio-demographic variation in dietary quality.

中文翻译：

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自制食品、饮食质量和社会人口因素：2008-16 年英国国家饮食和营养调查的横断面分析。

背景证据表明，吃自制食品（HPF）与膳食质量的提高相关，而膳食质量因社会人口因素而异。尽管有人假设不同人群之间 HPF 摄入量的差异可能会导致膳食质量的差异，但证据尚无定论。本研究采用一种新颖的方法来量化家庭自制食品 (HPF) 的消费量，并描述了人口代表性样本中的 HPF 消费量，确定了社会人口群体之间的差异。它测试了 HPF 摄入量与饮食质量之间的关联，确定社会人口特征是否调节了这种关联。方法 对英国调查数据进行横断面分析（N = 6364，年龄≥19岁；2008-16年收集，2018年分析）。高膳食质量被定义为“符合 DASH”：最符合预防高血压饮食方法 (DASH) 饮食的五分之一。HPF 消耗量是根据 4 天的食物日记估算的。线性回归用于确定 HPF 消费与社会人口变量（家庭收入、教育、职业、年龄、性别、种族和家庭儿童）之间的关联。使用逻辑回归来确定 HPF 消耗量与 DASH 一致性之间的关联。引入了交互项，根据社会人口统计变量测试 HPF 消费与 DASH 之间关联的调节。结果 样本中 HPF 消耗量相对较低（能源消耗的平均 (SD)% = 26.5%(12.1%)），白人参与者的 HPF 消耗量较低（黑人和亚洲参与者分别为 25.9% vs 37.8 和 34.4%，p < 0.01 ）。它并没有因年龄、性别、教育程度、收入或职业而有很大差异。HPF 消耗量越高，进入最符合 DASH 的五分位数的几率越大（HPF 能量百分比每增加 10%，OR = 1.2，95% CI 1.1-1.3）。种族是 HPF 消费与 DASH 遵守情况之间关联的唯一重要调节因素，但由于白人参与者比例较高，因此应谨慎解释这一点。结论 虽然 HPF 摄入量与较高的膳食质量之间存在关联，但 HPF 摄入量或 HPF 与膳食质量的关联在不同社会人口群体之间没有显着差异。虽然 HPF 可能是这个难题的一部分，但似乎还有其他因素导致了饮食质量的社会人口变化。