BACKGROUND With the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), there is a renewed commitment of tackling the varied challenges of undernutrition, particularly stunting (SDG 2.2). Health equity is also a priority in the SDG agenda and there is an urgent need for disaggregated analyses to identify disadvantaged subgroups. We compared time trends in socioeconomic inequalities obtained through stratification by wealth quintiles and deciles for stunting prevalence. METHODS We used 37 representative Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster surveys from nine Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries conducted between 1996 and 2016. Stunting in children under-5 years was assessed according to the 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards and stratified by wealth quintiles and deciles. Within-country socioeconomic inequalities were measured through concentration index (CIX) and slope index of inequality (SII). We used variance-weighted least squares regression to estimate annual changes. RESULTS Eight out of nine countries showed a statistical evidence of reduction in stunting prevalence over time. Differences between extreme deciles were larger than between quintiles in most of countries and at every point in time. However, when using summary measures of inequality, there were no differences in the estimates of SII with the use of deciles and quintiles. In absolute terms, there was a reduction in socioeconomic inequalities in Peru, Honduras, Dominican Republic, Belize, Suriname and Colombia. In relative terms, there was an increase in socioeconomic inequalities in Peru, Bolivia, Haiti, Honduras and Guatemala. CONCLUSIONS LAC countries have made substantial progress in terms of reducing stunting,. Nevertheless, renewed actions are needed to improve equity. Particularly in those countries were absolute and relative inequalities did not change over time such Bolivia and Guatemala. Finer breakdowns in wealth distribution are expected to elucidate more differences between subgroups; however, this approach is relevant to cast light on those subgroups that are still lagging behind within populations and inform equity-oriented health programs and practices.

中文翻译：

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拉丁美洲和加勒比海国家发育迟缓的社会经济不平等趋势：五分位数和十分位数之间的差异。

背景技术随着可持续发展目标（SDGs）的通过，人们重新承诺应对营养不足，特技发育等各种挑战（SDG 2.2）。卫生公平也是可持续发展目标议程中的优先事项，迫切需要进行分类分析以识别弱势群体。我们比较了五分位数的财富和阻碍发育迟缓的十分位数的分层所获得的社会经济不平等的时间趋势。方法我们使用了1996年至2016年之间来自9个拉丁美洲和加勒比（LAC）国家的37项代表性人口与健康调查以及多指标类集调查。根据2006年世界卫生组织《儿童生长标准》评估了5岁以下儿童的发育迟缓，并按财富五分之一和十分之二。通过集中指数（CIX）和不平等的斜率指数（SII）来衡量国家内部的社会经济不平等。我们使用方差加权最小二乘回归估计年度变化。结果九个国家中有八个显示出统计证据表明，随着时间的推移，发育迟缓的患病率有所降低。在大多数国家和每个时间点，极端十分位置之间的差异大于五分位数之间的差异。但是，当使用不平等的简易度量时，使用十进制和五分位数的SII估算值没有差异。绝对而言，秘鲁，洪都拉斯，多米尼加共和国，伯利兹，苏里南和哥伦比亚的社会经济不平等现象有所减少。相对而言，秘鲁，玻利维亚，海地，洪都拉斯和危地马拉的社会经济不平等现象有所增加。结论拉美和加勒比地区国家在减少发育迟缓方面取得了实质性进展。尽管如此，仍需要采取新的行动来提高公平性。特别是在那些国家中，绝对不平等并没有随着时间的流逝而改变，例如玻利维亚和危地马拉。预期财富分配的细分类将阐明子群体之间的更多差异；但是，这种方法对于揭示仍在人群中滞后的那些亚组并为以公平为导向的卫生计划和实践提供信息具有重要意义。预期财富分配的细分类将阐明子群体之间的更多差异；然而，这种方法对于揭示仍然落后于人群的那些亚组并为以公平为导向的卫生计划和实践提供信息具有重要意义。预期财富分配的细分类将阐明子群体之间的更多差异；然而，这种方法对于揭示仍然落后于人群的那些亚组并为以公平为导向的卫生计划和实践提供信息具有重要意义。