BACKGROUND WHO has recognised the need to ensure that guideline processes are transparent and evidence based, and that the resulting recommendations are relevant and applicable. Along with decision-making criteria that require findings from effectiveness reviews, WHO is increasingly using evidence derived from qualitative evidence syntheses (QES) to inform the values, acceptability, equity and feasibility implications of its recommendations. This is the first in a series of three papers examining the use of QES in developing clinical and health systems guidelines. METHODS WHO convened a group of methodologists involved in developing recent (2010-2018) guidelines that were informed by QES. Using a pragmatic and iterative approach that included feedback from WHO staff and other stakeholders, the group reflected on, discussed and identified key methods and research implications from designing QES and using the resulting findings in guideline development. Our aim in this paper is to (1) describe and discuss how the findings of QES can inform the scope of a guideline and (2) develop findings for key guideline decision-making criteria. RESULTS QES resulted in the addition of new outcomes that are directly relevant to service users, a stronger evidence base for decisions about how much effective interventions and related outcomes are valued by stakeholders in a range of contexts, and a more complete database of summary evidence for guideline panels to consider, linked to decisions about values, acceptability, feasibility and equity. CONCLUSIONS Rigorously conducted QES can be a powerful means of improving the relevance of guidelines, and of ensuring that the concerns of stakeholders, at all levels of the healthcare system and from a wide range of settings, are taken into account at all stages of the process.

中文翻译：

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指南的定性证据综合 (QES)：论文 1 - 使用定性证据综合来告知指南范围并制定定性调查结果陈述。

背景 世卫组织已认识到需要确保指南程序透明且基于证据，并确保由此产生的建议具有相关性和适用性。除了需要有效性审查结果的决策标准外，世卫组织越来越多地使用来自定性证据综合（QES）的证据来告知其建议的价值、可接受性、公平性和可行性影响。这是研究 QES 在制定临床和卫生系统指南中的应用的三篇论文系列中的第一篇。方法 世卫组织召集了一组方法学家，参与制定近期（2010-2018 年）指南，这些指南由 QES 提供信息。该小组采用务实和迭代的方法，其中包括世卫组织工作人员和其他利益相关者的反馈，反思、讨论和确定了设计 QES 和在指南制定中使用所得结果的关键方法和研究意义。我们本文的目的是 (1) 描述和讨论 QES 的研究结果如何为指南的范围提供信息；(2) 为关键的指南决策标准制定研究结果。结果 QES 增加了与服务使用者直接相关的新结果，为决策提供了更强有力的证据基础，以决定利益相关者在各种背景下对有效干预措施和相关结果的重视程度，以及更完整的总结证据数据库需要考虑的指导小组，与有关价值观、可接受性、可行性和公平性的决策相关。结论 严格进行 QES 可以成为提高指南相关性的有力手段，并确保在整个过程的各个阶段都考虑到医疗保健系统各级和各种环境中利益相关者的担忧。