Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex behaviour and occurs most commonly during adolescence. This developmental period is characterized by the drive to establish an equilibrium between personal autonomy and connectedness with primary caregivers. When an adolescent self-injures, caregivers often experience confusion about how to react. Reports of feeling guilt, fear, and shame are common in the wake of learning about a child’s self-injury. This cascade of negative feelings and self-appraisals may lead to hypervigilance and increased caregiver efforts to control the child’s behaviour. The adolescent may experience this as an intrusion, leading to worse family functioning and increased risk of NSSI. This cascade is not well acknowledged or articulated in current literature. This article remedies this gap by presenting the NSSI Family Distress Cascade.

中文翻译：

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NSSI家庭窘迫级联理论

非自杀性自残（NSSI）是一种复杂的行为，最常见于青春期。这个发展时期的特征是在个人自主权和与主要照顾者的联系之间建立平衡的动力。当青少年自我伤害时，护理人员通常会在如何应对方面感到困惑。在得知孩子的自我伤害之后，通常会感到内，恐惧和羞愧。负面情绪和自我评价的这种级联可能导致警惕性增加，并增加照料者控制孩子行为的努力。青少年可能会受到侵扰，导致家庭功能变差和NSSI风险增加。在当前文献中，这种级联尚未得到充分认可或阐明。