BACKGROUND Endovascular treatment has been recognized as the first line therapy for renal artery aneurysm (RAA). However, RAA related with malignancies had been sporadically reported in the literature. Stent insertion should be contraindicated for RAAs with malignant etiology, whereas surgery be optimal. CASE PRESENTATION A 40-year-old female underwent covered stent insertion to exclude the left RAA for suspected Takayasu arteritis in a reginal hospital. Three months later the RAA recurred with sign of threatened rupture, and the patient was transferred for salvage embolization with coils and thrombin injection. However, 20 days after the embolization procedure, multiple painful subcutaneous nodules developed in her flanks. Undifferentiated sarcoma was revealed by the pathological biopsy of the nodules. The RAA in this case was most likely related with the malignancy. CONCLUSION Malignancy was the most likely etiology behind recurrent aneurysm in this case. Definite diagnosis is mandatory for interventional radiologists before stent insertion for treatment of RAA.

中文翻译：

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支架置入术前三思而后行肾动脉瘤的病因难以捉摸：一例。

背景技术血管内治疗已经被认为是肾动脉瘤（RAA）的一线治疗。然而，与恶性肿瘤相关的RAA在文献中已有零星报道。对于具有恶性病因的RAA，应禁忌支架置入术，而最佳手术方法是。病例介绍一名40岁的女性在当地一家医院接受了有盖支架插入术，以排除左RAA，以排除疑似的Takayasu动脉炎。三个月后，RAA复发，并伴有破裂破裂的征兆，然后将患者转移至线圈和凝血酶注射液中进行挽救性栓塞。然而，在栓塞手术后20天，她的腹侧出现了多个疼痛的皮下结节。结节的病理活检显示未分化的肉瘤。在这种情况下，RAA最有可能与恶性肿瘤有关。结论在这种情况下，恶性肿瘤是复发性动脉瘤背后最可能的病因。对于介入放射科医生，在插入支架以治疗RAA之前，必须进行明确的诊断。