Group B Streptococcus (GBS) emerged as the frequent pathogen for septic arthritis. There was no study comparing risks, clinical presentations and outcomes between GBS septic arthritis and other bacterial septic arthritis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the differences in risks, clinical presentations, and outcomes of GBS septic arthritis and other bacterial septic arthritis, and identify independent risks and clinical presentations suggesting GBS septic arthritis. Medical records of patients diagnosed with non-gonococcal bacterial arthritis admitted in Phramongkutklao Hospital during 2006–2018 were reviewed. Associated risks, clinical presentations and outcomes were compared between GBS septic arthritis (GBS group) and other bacterial septic arthritis (other bacterial group). Two hundred and thirty one cases of non-gonococcal bacterial arthritis confirmed by positive joint fluid cultures and/or hemocultures were included. The three most common pathogens were GBS (37.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (23.4%) and Streptococcus viridans (7.4%). GBS group was more commonly found in rainy season than other bacterial group. Patients in GBS group were less likely to have underlying diseases and had more number of involved joints than those in other bacterial group. The clinical presentations more commonly found in GBS group than other bacterial group were oligo-polyarthritis, upper extremities joint involvement, axial joint involvement, tenosynovitis and central nervous system involvement. Multivariate analysis found the independent associated factors of GBS arthritis are tenosynovitis, oligo-polyarthritis and rainy season. GBS is now the most common pathogen for bacterial septic arthritis. The independent associated factors of GBS arthritis were oligo-polyarthritis, tenosynovitis and rainy season.

中文翻译：

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B 组链球菌是感染性关节炎最常见的病原体，具有独特的临床特征：来自 12 年回顾性队列研究的数据

B 组链球菌 (GBS) 成为感染性关节炎的常见病原体。没有研究比较 GBS 化脓性关节炎和其他细菌性化脓性关节炎之间的风险、临床表现和结果。本研究的目的是评估 GBS 化脓性关节炎和其他细菌性化脓性关节炎在风险、临床表现和结果方面的差异，并确定提示 GBS 化脓性关节炎的独立风险和临床表现。审查了 2006 年至 2018 年期间在 Phramongkutklao 医院收治的诊断为非淋球菌性细菌性关节炎的患者的医疗记录。比较了 GBS 化脓性关节炎（GBS 组）和其他细菌性化脓性关节炎（其他细菌组）之间的相关风险、临床表现和结果。包括通过阳性关节液培养和/或血液培养证实的 231 例非淋球菌性细菌性关节炎。三种最常见的病原体是 GBS (37.7%)、金黄色葡萄球菌 (23.4%) 和草绿色链球菌 (7.4%)。GBS菌群在雨季多见于其他菌群。GBS组患者较其他细菌组患基础疾病的可能性更低，受累关节数量更多。GBS组较其他细菌组更常见的临床表现是少发性多关节炎、上肢关节受累、轴关节受累、腱鞘炎和中枢神经系统受累。多因素分析发现，GBS关节炎的独立相关因素是腱鞘炎、少发性多关节炎和雨季。GBS现在是细菌性化脓性关节炎最常见的病原体。GBS关节炎的独立相关因素是少发性多关节炎、腱鞘炎和雨季。