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Atrial fibrillation care in rural communities: a mixed methods study of physician and patient perspectives.
BMC Family Practice ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-24 , DOI: 10.1186/s12875-019-1029-1
Kathy L Rush 1 , Lindsay Burton 1 , Fransien Van Der Merwe 2 , Linda Hatt 3 , Camille Galloway 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a serious heart arrhythmia associated with devastating outcomes such as stroke. Inequitable rural AF care may put patients at risk. Virtually delivered specialty AF care offers a viable option, but stakeholder perceptions of this option within the context of rural AF care is unknown. The study purpose was to obtain patient and primary care physician perspectives of rural AF care and virtually delivered AF care as a potential option. METHODS Using a mixed methods design, AF patients (n = 101) and physicians (n = 15) from three rural communities participated in focus groups and/or surveys. Focus group data were thematically analyzed, survey data were descriptively analyzed, and data were triangulated. RESULTS Findings captured patients' and physicians' perceptions of prioritized, needs, concerns and problems in AF management, available/unavailable services, and their ideas about virtual AF care. Patients and physicians identified eclectic problems in managing AF. Overall, patients felt ill informed about managing their AF and their most salient problems related to fatigue, exercise intolerance, weight maintenance, sleep apnea, and worry about stroke and bleeding. Physicians found treating patients with co-morbidities and cognitive decline problematic and balancing risks related to anticoagulation challenging. Patients and physicians identified education as a pressing need, which physicians lacked time and resources to meet. Despite available rural services, access to primary and cardiology care was a recurring challenge, and emergency department (ED) use highly contentious but often the only option for accessing care. Physicians' managed AF care and varied in the referrals they made, often reserving them for complex situations to avoid patient travel. Patients and providers supported a broad approach to virtual AF care, tailored to an inclusive rural patient demographic. CONCLUSIONS The study offered valuable physician and patient perspectives on AF care in rural communities including diverse management challenges, gaps in access to primary and specialty services that made ED an often used but contentious option. Findings point to the potential value of virtual care designed to reach patients with AF across the spectrum and geared to local contexts that preserve the vital role of primary care physicians in AF care in their communities.

中文翻译:

农村社区的房颤护理:医生和患者观点的混合方法研究。

背景技术房颤(AF)是一种严重的心律不齐,与毁灭性后果(如中风)有关。不平等的农村房颤治疗可能使患者处于危险之中。虚拟提供的专业房颤治疗提供了可行的选择,但是在农村房颤治疗的背景下,利益相关者对此方案的认识尚不清楚。该研究的目的是获得患者和基层医疗医生对农村房颤治疗和实际上提供房颤治疗的观点,作为一种潜在的选择。方法采用混合方法设计,来自三个农村社区的AF患者(n = 101)和医生(n = 15)参加了焦点小组和/或调查。对专题组数据进行主题分析,对调查数据进行描述性分析,并对数据进行三角测量。结果调查结果反映了患者和医生对优先级,需求,房颤管理,可用/不可用的服务及其对虚拟房颤护理的想法方面的关注和问题。患者和医师发现在管理房颤方面存在折衷问题。总体而言,患者对如何管理房颤以及与疲劳,运动不耐症,体重维持,睡眠呼吸暂停以及中风和出血有关的最明显问题知之甚少。医师发现,对合并症和认知能力下降的患者进行治疗存在问题,并且与抗凝治疗相关的风险平衡具有挑战性。患者和医生认为教育是迫切需要,医生缺乏时间和资源来满足他们的需求。尽管有农村服务,获得初级保健和心脏病护理仍然是一个反复出现的挑战,急诊科(ED)使用争议很大的方法,但通常是获得护理的唯一选择。医师管理房颤护理,并且转诊时会有所不同,通常会为他们安排复杂的情况,以免患者出差。患者和提供者支持针对虚拟AF护理的广泛方法,该方法适合于包容性的农村患者人群。结论该研究为农村社区的房颤护理提供了有价值的医生和患者观点,包括多样化的管理挑战,在获得主要和专业服务方面的差距,这使急诊室成为经常使用但有争议的选择。研究结果表明,虚拟护理的潜在价值是旨在覆盖整个频谱的房颤患者,并适应当地情况,从而保留初级保健医生在其社区中房颤治疗中的重要作用。通常会在复杂情况下保留它们,以免患者旅行。患者和提供者支持针对虚拟AF护理的广泛方法,该方法适合于包容性的农村患者人群。结论该研究为农村社区的房颤护理提供了有价值的医生和患者观点,包括多样化的管理挑战,在获得主要和专业服务方面的差距,这使急诊室成为经常使用但有争议的选择。研究结果表明,虚拟护理的潜在价值是旨在覆盖整个频谱的房颤患者,并适应当地情况,从而保留初级保健医生在其社区中房颤治疗中的重要作用。通常会在复杂情况下保留它们,以免患者旅行。患者和提供者支持针对虚拟AF护理的广泛方法,该方法适合于包容性的农村患者人群。结论该研究为农村社区的房颤护理提供了有价值的医生和患者观点,包括多样化的管理挑战,在获得主要和专业服务方面的差距,这使急诊室成为经常使用但有争议的选择。研究结果表明,虚拟护理的潜在价值是旨在覆盖整个频谱的房颤患者,并适应当地情况,从而保留初级保健医生在其社区中房颤治疗中的重要作用。结论该研究为农村社区的房颤护理提供了有价值的医生和患者观点,包括多样化的管理挑战,在获得主要和专业服务方面的差距,这使急诊室成为经常使用但有争议的选择。研究结果表明,虚拟护理的潜在价值是旨在覆盖整个频谱的房颤患者,并适应当地情况,从而保留初级保健医生在其社区中房颤治疗中的重要作用。结论该研究为农村社区的房颤护理提供了有价值的医生和患者观点,包括多样化的管理挑战,在获得主要和专业服务方面的差距,这使急诊室成为经常使用但有争议的选择。研究结果表明,虚拟护理的潜在价值旨在为整个频谱的房颤患者提供服务,并适应当地情况,从而保留基层医疗医生在其社区房颤治疗中的重要作用。
更新日期:2019-10-24
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