The concept of the unified allergic airway disease (UAD) recognises the association between allergic inflammation in the upper and lower airways. Patients with asthma and concomitant allergic rhinitis experience more asthma-related primary and secondary care visits. We therefore aimed to determine differences in asthma control (asthma control questionnaire ACQ-6), lung function (spirometry) and T2 biomarkers (FeNO and Eos) in relation to the presence of allergic rhinitis in patients with allergic asthma. Retrospectively, we evaluated a cohort of 60 consecutive patients with persistent asthma attending our research unit for screening into clinical trials. All included subjects were receiving inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and had a positive skin prick test (SPT) to at least one common aeroallergen to fulfil the criterion of allergic asthma. Patients with UAD had a diagnosis of allergic asthma in addition to established concomitant allergic rhinitis. T2 biomarkers were significantly higher in patients with allergic rhinitis in contrast to those without. FEV1 % predicted and FEF25-75 % predicted were also significantly lower in patients with concomitant allergic rhinitis. However, there was no difference in ACQ-6 observed between groups. In summary, patients with allergic asthma, the presence of concomitant allergic rhinitis is associated with worse lung function and higher type 2 biomarkers.

中文翻译：

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统一的过敏性气道疾病会影响肺功能和2型生物标志物吗？

统一的过敏性气道疾病（UAD）的概念认识到上呼吸道和下呼吸道的过敏性炎症之间的关联。哮喘和伴发性变应性鼻炎的患者经历了更多与哮喘有关的初级和二级保健就诊。因此，我们旨在确定与过敏性哮喘患者中存在过敏性鼻炎相关的哮喘控制（哮喘控制调查表ACQ-6），肺功能（肺活量测定）和T2生物标记物（FeNO和Eos）的差异。回顾性地，我们评估了连续60例持续性哮喘患者的队列，这些患者均在我们的研究部门接受临床试验筛查。所有纳入的受试者均接受吸入糖皮质激素（ICS），并且对至少一种常见的空气过敏原的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）呈阳性，以满足过敏性哮喘的标准。除了已确定的伴随性变应性鼻炎，UAD患者还被诊断出具有变应性哮喘。与没有过敏性鼻炎的患者相比，过敏性鼻炎患者的T2生物标志物明显更高。并发变应性鼻炎患者的FEV1％预测值和FEF25-75％预测值也显着降低。但是，两组之间的ACQ-6没有差异。总之，过敏性哮喘患者中，伴有过敏性鼻炎的存在与肺功能恶化和2型生物标记物升高有关。并发变应性鼻炎的患者预测的FEV1％和FEF25-75％的预测值也显着降低。但是，两组之间的ACQ-6没有差异。总之，过敏性哮喘患者中，伴有过敏性鼻炎的存在与肺功能恶化和2型生物标记物升高有关。并发变应性鼻炎患者的FEV1％预测值和FEF25-75％预测值也显着降低。但是，两组之间的ACQ-6没有差异。总之，患有过敏性哮喘的患者，伴有过敏性鼻炎的存在与肺功能恶化和2型生物标记物升高有关。