Huge amounts of by-products are generated from industrial processes which affect the environment adversely. Production process of conventional cement is energy demanding and it also emits enormous amounts of greenhouse gases. Geopolymers are the new generation green material that has a great potential of replacing the conventional cementitious materials. The fresh and hardened properties of sodium hydroxide activated binary blends of slag and fly ash based geopolymer paste and mortars are reported in this paper. Experimental outcomes on fresh and hardened properties such as normal consistency, flow value, setting time, drying shrinkage, soundness, and compressive strengths of the geopolymer binders are presented. Additionally, the chemical products, bonding and microstructural changes occurring during the setting and hardening course are examined. The experimental outcomes showed that the physical and mechanical properties of the binders are very much akin to that of conventional cement and the same is significantly influenced by the chemical composition of the source materials, concentration of the activator and the processing environment. The consistency and setting times of geopolymers are found to be within the ranges that are prescribed for ordinary Portland cement. Highest compressive strength of around 44 MPa is obtained for slag based geopolymer mortar that is activated using 8 M sodium hydroxide solution. Fly ash and slag geopolymers exhibited excellent stability against expansion and shrinkage. Raw materials are optimized by design of experiment and the fitted model shows a good relation with the experimental data.

中文翻译：

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粉煤灰-矿渣混合土工聚合物糊料和砂浆的新鲜和硬化性能

工业过程产生大量副产品，对环境产生不利影响。传统水泥的生产过程需要能源，同时也会排放大量的温室气体。地质聚合物是新一代绿色材料，具有替代传统胶凝材料的巨大潜力。本文报道了氢氧化钠活化的矿渣和粉煤灰基地质聚合物糊料和砂浆的二元混合物的新鲜和硬化特性。介绍了地质聚合物粘合剂的新鲜和硬化特性的实验结果，例如正常稠度、流动值、凝固时间、干燥收缩、稳固性和抗压强度。此外，还检查了凝固和硬化过程中发生的化学产品、粘合和微观结构变化。实验结果表明，粘结剂的物理机械性能与常规水泥非常相似，并且受原料化学成分、活化剂浓度和加工环境的显着影响。发现地质聚合物的稠度和凝结时间在普通波特兰水泥规定的范围内。使用 8 M 氢氧化钠溶液活化的矿渣基地质聚合物砂浆可获得约 44 MPa 的最高抗压强度。粉煤灰和矿渣地质聚合物表现出优异的膨胀和收缩稳定性。通过实验设计对原材料进行优化，拟合模型与实验数据显示出良好的相关性。