The “replacing wood by grass” project can partially resolve the conflict between mushroom production and balancing the ecosystem, while promoting agricultural economic sustainability. Pleurotus pulmonarius is an economically important edible and medicinal mushroom, which is traditionally produced using a substrate consisting of sawdust and cottonseed hulls, supplemented with wheat bran. A simplex lattice design was applied to systemically optimize the cultivation of P. pulmonarius using agro-residues as the main substrate to replace sawdust and cottonseed hulls. The effects of differing amounts of wheat straw, corn straw, and soybean straw on the variables of yield, mycelial growth rate, stipe length, pileus length, pileus width, and time to harvest were demonstrated. Results indicated that a mix of wheat straw, corn straw, and soybean straw may have significantly positive effects on each of these variables. The high yield comprehensive formula was then optimized to include 40.4% wheat straw, 20.3% corn straw, 18.3% soybean straw, combined with 20.0% wheat bran, and 1.0% light CaCO₃ (C/N = 42.50). The biological efficiency was 15.2% greater than that of the control. Most encouraging was the indication that the high yield comprehensive formula may shorten the time to reach the reproductive stage by 6 days, compared with the control. Based on the results of this study, agro-residues may be used as a suitable substitution for sawdust and cottonseed hulls as the main cultivation substrates of P. pulmonarius. These results provide a theoretical basis for the “replacing wood by grass” project on edible mushroom cultivation.

中文翻译：

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农业残留物作为侧耳生产底物的优化

“以草代木”项目可以部分解决蘑菇生产与平衡生态系统之间的矛盾，同时促进农业经济可持续发展。肺侧耳是一种重要的经济食用和药用蘑菇，传统上使用由锯末和棉籽壳组成的基质并辅以麦麸来生产。采用单纯形网格设计，以农业残留物作为主要基质替代锯末和棉籽壳，系统优化肺假单胞菌的培养。论证了不同用量的小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和大豆秸秆对产量、菌丝生长速率、菌柄长度、菌盖长度、菌盖宽度和收获时间等变量的影响。结果表明，小麦秸秆、玉米秸秆和大豆秸秆的混合可能对这些变量中的每一个都有显着的积极影响。优化高产综合配方为：40.4%小麦秸秆、20.3%玉米秸秆、18.3%大豆秸秆，配合20.0%麦麸、1.0%轻质CaCO 3 (C/N=42.50 ₎。生物效率较对照提高15.2%。最令人鼓舞的是，与对照相比，高产综合配方可将达到繁殖阶段的时间缩短6天。根据本研究的结果，农业残留物可以作为锯末和棉籽壳的合适替代品，作为肺P. pulmonarius的主要栽培基质。该成果为食用菌栽培“以草代木”工程提供了理论依据。