The investigation of two‐dimensional (2D) ferroelectrics has attracted significant interest in recent years for applications in functional electronics. Without the limitation of a finite size effect, 2D materials with stable layered structures and reduced surface energy may go beyond the presence of an enhanced depolarization field in ultrathin ferroelectrics, thereby opening a pathway to explore low‐dimensional ferroelectricity, making ultra‐high‐density devices possible and maintaining Moore's Law. Although many theoretical works on potential 2D ferroelectric materials have been conducted, much still needs to be accomplished experimentally, as it is rare for 2D ferroelectric materials to be proven and plenty of 2D ferroelectrics are waiting to be discovered. First, experimental and theoretical progress on 2D ferroelectric materials, including in‐plane and out‐of‐plane, is reviewed, followed by a general introduction to various characterization methods. Intrinsic mechanisms associated with promising 2D ferroelectric materials, together with related applications, are also discussed. Finally, an outlook for future trends and development in 2D ferroelectricity are explored. Researchers can use this to obtain a basic understanding of 2D ferroelectric materials and to build a database of progress of 2D ferroelectrics.

中文翻译：

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二维铁电材料的最新进展

近年来，对二维（2D）铁电体的研究引起了在功能电子学中的广泛关注。在没有有限尺寸效应限制的情况下，具有稳定的层状结构和降低的表面能的二维材料可能会超出超薄铁电体中增强的去极化场的存在，从而为探索低维铁电体提供了一条途径，从而实现了超高密度可能的设备并维持摩尔定律。尽管已经对潜在的2D铁电材料进行了许多理论研究，但是仍然需要通过实验来完成许多工作，因为2D铁电材料很少能被证明，而且大量2D铁电材料正等待发现。首先，关于二维铁电材料的实验和理论进展，对其进行了回顾，包括平面内和平面外，然后简要介绍了各种表征方法。还讨论了与有前途的2D铁电材料相关的内在机理，以及相关应用。最后，探讨了二维铁电的未来趋势和发展前景。研究人员可以借此获得对2D铁电材料的基本了解，并建立2D铁电进展的数据库。