Lizards restore their lost tail by the recruitment of multipotent cells which are selectively differentiated into varied cell types so as to sculpt a new tail. The precise coordination of the events involved in this complex process requires crosstalk between many signaling molecules and differential regulation of several mediators that facilitate the achievements of various milestones of regeneration. Fibroblast growth factor-2 is one such signaling molecule which activates a number of intracellular signaling pathways. Herein, the regulatory role of FGF2 during tail regeneration in Hemidactylus flaviviridis was investigated. Upon inhibition of FGFR using SU5402, the FGF2 levels were found to be significantly reduced at both transcript and protein level. Further, the compromised levels of the gelatinases, namely MMP2 and MMP9 in the tail tissues of treated lizards indicate that FGF2 regulates the activity of these enzymes perhaps to facilitate the recruitment of multipotent mesenchymal cells (blastema). The in vivo 5BrdU incorporation assay showed a lower cell proliferation rate in FGF2 signal inhibited animals during all the proliferative stages of regeneration studied. This observation was substantiated by decreased levels of PCNA in treated group. Moreover, from the combined results of Caspase-3 localization and its expression levels in the regenerates of control and SU5402 treated lizards it can be deduced that FGF2 signal regulates apoptosis as well during early stages of regeneration. Overall, the current study indicates beyond doubt that FGF2 signaling plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the matrix reorganization and cell cycle turnover during lizard tail regeneration.

中文翻译：

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成纤维细胞生长因子2信号传导调节黄mid半生肌再生尾中的基质重组和细胞周期更新率。

蜥蜴通过募集专能分化成不同细胞类型的多能细胞来恢复丢失的尾巴，从而雕刻出一条新的尾巴。涉及此复杂过程的事件的精确协调需要许多信号分子之间的串扰和几种介体的差异调节，以促进实现再生的各个里程碑。成纤维细胞生长因子-2就是一种这样的信号分子，其激活许多细胞内信号通路。在本文中，研究了FGF2在黄病毒半透明尾巴再生过程中的调节作用。使用SU5402抑制FGFR后，发现转录本和蛋白质水平上的FGF2水平均显着降低。此外，明胶酶的水平受损，即，在处理过的蜥蜴的尾巴组织中的MMP2和MMP9表明FGF2调节这些酶的活性，也许有助于促进多能间充质细胞（胚泡）的募集。体内5BrdU掺入试验表明，在研究的所有再生增殖阶段中，FGF2信号抑制动物的细胞增殖率均较低。该观察结果通过治疗组中PCNA水平降低而得到证实。此外，从Caspase-3定位及其在对照和SU5402处理的蜥蜴的再生物中的表达水平的综合结果，可以推断出FGF2信号在再生的早期也能调节细胞凋亡。全面的，