Cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) allosteric ligands hold a far-reaching therapeutic promise. We report the application of fluoro- and nitrogen-walk approaches to enhance the drug-like properties of GAT211, a prototype CB1R allosteric agonist-positive allosteric modulator (ago-PAM). Several analogs exhibited improved functional potency (cAMP, β-arrestin 2), metabolic stability, and aqueous solubility. Two key analogs, GAT591 (6r) and GAT593 (6s), exhibited augmented allosteric-agonist and PAM activities in neuronal cultures, improved metabolic stability, and enhanced orthosteric agonist binding (CP55,940). Both analogs also exhibited good analgesic potency in the CFA inflammatory-pain model with longer duration of action over GAT211 while being devoid of adverse cannabimimetic effects. Another analog, GAT592 (9j), exhibited moderate ago-PAM potency and improved aqueous solubility with therapeutic reduction of intraocular pressure in murine glaucoma models. The SAR findings and the enhanced allosteric activity in this class of allosteric modulators were accounted for in our recently developed computational model for CB1R allosteric activation and positive allosteric modulation.

中文翻译：

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氟和氮步行方法的应用：定义大麻素1受体正变构调节剂的2-苯基吲哚类的结构和功能多样性。

大麻素1受体（CB1R）变构配体具有深远的治疗前景。我们报告了氟步行和氮步行方法的应用，以增强GAT211（原型CB1R变构激动剂-阳性变构调节剂（ago-PAM））的类药物特性。几种类似物表现出改善的功能效能（cAMP，β-arrestin2），代谢稳定性和水溶性。两个关键的类似物GAT591（6r）和GAT593（6s）在神经元培养物中表现出增强的变构激动剂和PAM活性，改善的代谢稳定性和增强的正构激动剂结合（CP55,940）。两种类似物在CFA炎性疼痛模型中均显示出良好的止痛效果，且作用持续时间超过GAT211，同时没有不良的拟人麻醉作用。另一个类似物GAT592（9j），在鼠青光眼模型中表现出适度的前PAM效力和改善的水溶性，同时治疗性降低了眼内压。在我们最近开发的CB1R变构激活和正变构调节计算模型中，解释了此类变构调节剂中的SAR结果和增强的变构活性。