BackgroundRecent metagenomic analyses have revealed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. However, the impacts of this dysbiosis are not fully understood, particularly at the strain level.ResultsWe perform whole-genome shotgun sequencing of fecal DNA extracts from 13 healthy donors and 16 UC and 8 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. The microbiota of UC and CD patients is taxonomically and functionally divergent from that of healthy donors, with E. faecium being the most differentially abundant species between the two microbial communities. Transplantation of feces from UC or CD patients into Il10−/− mice promotes pathological inflammation and cytokine expression in the mouse colon, although distinct cytokine expression profiles are observed between UC and CD. Unlike isolates derived from healthy donors, E. faecium isolates from the feces of UC patients, along with E. faecium strain ATCC 19434, promotes colitis and colonic cytokine expression. Inflammatory E. faecium strains, including ATCC 19434 and a UC-derived strain, cluster separately from commercially available probiotic strains based on whole-genome shotgun sequencing analysis. The presence of E. faecium in fecal samples is associated with large disease extent and the need for multiple medications in UC patients.ConclusionsE. faecium strains derived from UC patients display an inflammatory genotype that causes colitis.

中文翻译：

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来自溃疡性结肠炎患者的肠道来源的屎肠球菌在遗传易感小鼠宿主中促进结肠炎

背景最近的宏基因组分析揭示了溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 患者肠道微生物群的失调。然而，这种生态失调的影响尚不完全清楚，尤其是在菌株水平上。结果我们对来自 13 名健康供体和 16 名 UC 和 8 名克罗恩病 (CD) 患者的粪便 DNA 提取物进行了全基因组鸟枪法测序。UC 和 CD 患者的微生物群在分类和功能上与健康供体的微生物群不同，屎肠球菌是两种微生物群落之间差异最大的物种。将 UC 或 CD 患者的粪便移植到 Il10-/- 小鼠中会促进小鼠结肠中的病理性炎症和细胞因子表达，尽管在 UC 和 CD 之间观察到不同的细胞因子表达谱。与来自健康供体的分离株不同，E. 从 UC 患者的粪便中分离出的屎肠球菌与屎肠球菌菌株 ATCC 19434 一起促进结肠炎和结肠细胞因子的表达。炎性大肠杆菌菌株，包括 ATCC 19434 和 UC 衍生菌株，基于全基因组鸟枪测序分析与市售益生菌菌株分开聚类。粪便样本中屎肠球菌的存在与 UC 患者的疾病范围大和需要多种药物有关。来自 UC 患者的粪便菌株显示出导致结肠炎的炎症基因型。基于全基因组鸟枪测序分析，从市售益生菌菌株中分离出聚类。粪便样本中屎肠球菌的存在与 UC 患者的疾病范围大和需要多种药物有关。来自 UC 患者的粪便菌株显示出导致结肠炎的炎症基因型。基于全基因组鸟枪测序分析，从市售益生菌菌株中分离出聚类。粪便样本中屎肠球菌的存在与 UC 患者的疾病范围大和需要多种药物有关。来自 UC 患者的粪便菌株显示出导致结肠炎的炎症基因型。