The increasing demand for energy and environmental protection has stimulated intensive interest in fundamental research and practical applications. Nickel dichalcogenides (Ni₃S₂, NiS, Ni₃Se₂, NiSe, etc.) are promising materials for high-performance electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications. Herein, 3D Ni₃S₂ nanorod arrays are fabricated on Ni foam by a facile solvothermal route. The optimized Ni₃S₂/Ni foam electrode displays an areal capacity of 1602 µA h cm⁻² at 5 mA cm⁻², excellent rate capability and cycling stability. Besides, 3D Ni₃S₂ nanorod arrays as electrode materials exhibit outstanding performances for the overall water splitting reaction. In particular, the 3D Ni₃S₂ nanorod array electrode is shown to be a high-performance water electrolyzer with a cell voltage of 1.63 V at a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² for overall water splitting. Therefore, the results demonstrate a promising multifunctional 3D electrode material for electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications.

中文翻译：

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三维 Ni3S2 纳米棒阵列作为多功能电极用于电化学能量存储和转换应用

对能源和环境保护的日益增长的需求激发了人们对基础研究和实际应用的浓厚兴趣。镍二硫属化物（Ni ₃ S ₂、NiS、Ni ₃ Se ₂、NiSe等）是用于高性能电化学能量存储和转换应用的有前途的材料。在此，3D Ni ₃ S ₂纳米棒阵列通过简便的溶剂热法在泡沫镍上制造。优化后的 Ni ₃ S ₂ /Ni 泡沫电极在 5 mA cm ^-2时的面积容量为 1602 µA h cm ^-2，具有优异的倍率性能和循环稳定性。此外，3D Ni₃ S ₂纳米棒阵列作为电极材料在整个水分解反应中表现出优异的性能。特别地，3D Ni ₃ S ₂纳米棒阵列电极被证明是一种高性能的水电解槽，电池电压为1.63 V，电流密度为10 mA cm ^-2，用于整体水分解。因此，结果证明了一种用于电化学能量存储和转换应用的有前途的多功能 3D 电极材料。